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[5] viXra:2412.0141 [pdf] submitted on 2024-12-23 01:40:14
Authors: Fernando Salmon Iza
Comments: 5 Pages.
Understanding the spatial curvature of our universe is a very important topic in astrophysics. The FLRW metric that determines the evolution of the universe is based on the Cosmological Principle (the universe is homogeneous and isotropic on very large scales) and on Weyl's Postulate (the universe behaves like a perfect fluid whose components move as temporal geodesics without intersecting each other). This metric is specified in two equations, the Friedmann equations, in which the curvature term Ωk plays an essential role in its resolution. Determining the value of this term with respect to the energy density term Ωρ may mean solving or not solving the equations in many cases. We do not have the solution to this important question, but we have begun to solve it. We have found an equation that relates, in the FLRW metric, the spatial curvature with the energy density and we have found that the spatial curvature is proportional to the energy density with a proportionality factor very similar to that which relates in Einstein's equations, the Einstein tensor with the energy-momentum tensor, that is, the curvature with the energy. This has important consequences, the first is that, in a universe with matter, the spatial curvature will never be zero, the second is that, for the density of matter in today's universe, the spatial curvature is very small.
Category: Astrophysics
[4] viXra:2412.0102 [pdf] submitted on 2024-12-18 01:16:57
Authors: Shrayshank Anand
Comments: 3 Pages. (Note by viXra Admin: Please cite and list scientific references)
The conventional cosmological models, principally the Lambda-CDM framework, estimate the universe’s age to be approximately 13.8 billion years, and recent alternative analyses of the same redshift phenomena propose a significantly different timeline of about 26.7 billion years. Such estimates rely on well established physical laws, cosmological measurements, and assumptions surrounding the Big Bang model. In this paper, we will re examine the notion of the age of the universe from a more foundational, mathematical, and conceptual standpoint. By considering the idea that any finite measure or form is negligible compared to the infinite extent of the cosmos, we explore the limit of a diminishing quantity as it approaches zero. I have used a limit based argument, and also have invoked Gödel’s Incompleteness Theorems to highlight the inherent limitations in proving or disproving statements proposing truth within any formal axiomatic system. The result of the proposed equation is that it suggests that the notion of a definitive age for the universe is inherently flawed, as there is no age you could assign to it — the universe was, is, and will always be there — it is eternal.
Category: Astrophysics
[3] viXra:2412.0094 [pdf] submitted on 2024-12-16 18:39:39
Authors: Clark M. Thomas
Comments: 4 Pages.
Black holes and white holes are typically seen asjoined by wormholes linking string universes.String theory has not harmonized 4D GR with itsvisions of 10^500 2D universes. Black holes withvarious core masses have been characterized byphysics math. White holes have conversely beenmodeled by pure math, because there is no physicaldata for any white holes. GR math allows for whiteholes, so some mathematicians continue to exploretheir imagined 2D multiverse. We here considerblack/white hole pairings, and show how physicsmath models are not very close to what really is.
Category: Astrophysics
[2] viXra:2412.0059 [pdf] replaced on 2024-12-13 15:36:41
Authors: William L. Stubbs
Comments: 3 Pages.
The neutral current and charged current electron neutrino interactions with deuterons are used to show that the predicted electron neutrino flux not measured by the gallium detectors does exist. It is not detected because, unlike in the deuteron reactions that always free a nucleon from the nucleus that can be detected and indicates that an interaction has occurred, a neutrino interaction with 71Ga cannot separate a nucleon from the 71Ga nucleus to be detected. Consequently, neutrinos interacting with 71Ga nuclei that do not create 71Ge nuclei go unrecorded by the detectors.
Category: Astrophysics
[1] viXra:2412.0007 [pdf] submitted on 2024-12-02 21:36:58
Authors: Ulrich Schreier
Comments: 2 Pages. (Note by viXra Admin: This article is not written in a standard/scholarly preprint format and will be subject to removal))
This paper revisits an early yet overlooked discovery in sunspot research, suggesting that Earth’s orbital position plays a pivotal role in sunspot formation. A seasonal pattern in daily sunspot counts, documented over a 12-year period in the early 1900s, points to a profound connection between solar activity and Earth’s position, challenging Sun-centered sunspot theories. This correlation, verifiable in minutes with modern tools, calls for substantial revisions to established cosmology, particularly in understanding cosmic influences on Earth. Alongside this insight, Henri Mémery documented correlations between sunspots and various Earthly phenomena—such as magnetism, atmospheric pressure, rainfall, temperature, earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions—connections that were not fully recognized for decades.More than 50 years later, Louis-Claude Vincent (1906—1988) and Jeanne Rousseau (1910—2012) provided a groundbreaking explanation for Mémery’s observations and correlations through their innovative cosmic model, which fundamentally challenges conventional scientific paradigms. Their interdisciplinary approach spans fields such as astronomy, astrophysics, cosmology, meteorology, seismology, biology, and more. It reveals the intricate superimposition and interplay between cosmic forces and terrestrial systems. Vincent and Rousseau’s research advocates for a holistic understanding of natural processes, integrating geophysics, cosmology, bioelectronics, and biology. Their pioneering insights highlight the critical need to examine cosmic phenomena in relation to Earth’s systems, bridging theoretical science with practical, Earth-centric applications while confronting the compartmentalized tendencies of modern scientific disciplines.
Category: Astrophysics
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