All Submission Categories

Causal Set Theory and the Origin of Mass-ratio

Authors: Carey R Carlson
Comments: 16 pages.

Quantum theory is reconstructed using standalone causal sets. The frequency ratios inherent in causal sets are used to define energy-ratios, implicating the causal link as the quantum of action. Space-time and its particle-like sequences are then constructed from causal links. A 4-D time-lattice structure is defined and then used to model neutrinos and electron clouds, which together constitute a 4-D manifold. A 6-D time-lattice is used to model the nucleons. The integration of the nucleus with its electron cloud affords calculation of the mass-ratio of the proton (or the neutron) with respect to the electron. Arrow diagrams, along with several ball-and-stick models, are used to streamline the presentation.
Category: Mathematical Physics

An Application of Sondat's Theorem Regarding the Orthohomological Triangles

Authors: Ion Pătraşcu, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 4 pages.

In this article we prove the Sodat's theorem regarding the orthohomological triangle and then we use this theorem and Smarandache-Patrascu's theorem in order to obtain another theorem regarding the orthohomological triangles.
Category: Geometry

'Central Force'

Authors: Nainan K. Varghese
Comments: 13 Pages.

Currently, ‘central force' — an apparent effort between two free macro bodies along the line joining them — is estimated in relative frames of reference. It is also assumed that an action by the ‘central force’ directly corresponds to its magnitude. The estimation of the magnitude and direction of the ‘central force’ on the planetary bodies or a central body in a planetary system assumes that the centre of the planetary system is static in space. While considering a satellite’s orbital path, the centre of the corresponding planet is assumed to be static in space. Although such calculations help to determine the relative positions of these macro bodies, they obscure the causes and magnitudes of many other important phenomena related to planetary motion. Determining the magnitude and direction of the ‘central force’ and its action with respect to absolute reference can give us logical explanations for many puzzling phenomena in planetary motions and systems.
Category: Classical Physics

The Alpha Torque and the Charged Field

Authors: Zhiliang Cao, Henry Cao
Comments: 8 pages. The paper is from a published book "The Alpha Torque" by Zhiliang Cao and Henry Cao. The title is published by CreateSpace with the following eStore URL: https://www.createspace.com/3458701

The space itself is not a true void. In fact, space has energy in it. The energies and forces have a simple movement. This very movement dominates every aspect of physical existence. Nothing can exist without it. The movement is called the Torque. Torque movements can explain why there are electronic fields and magnetic fields. The torque theory can make it easier to understand why there are charged fields.
Category: Classical Physics

Possibility of Gravitational Wave from Generalized Maxwell Equations

Authors: Yoshiro Nohara
Comments: 4 pages, Mistakes for technical words and typos are fixed (Lorentz invariance->Lorentz condition, ki=-ki->ki=-ik, and is received->receives).

The generalized Maxwell equations in vacuum are basically the same with Dirac's extended Maxwell equations, although intrinsic charges and currents are defined by the time differential and gradation of scalar fields, respectively. Consequently, the electromagnetic stress-energy tensors make important conservation laws. Then, we found scalar fields acting like the gravitational wave interacting with the electromagnetic wave. Interestingly, those gravitational waves due to the scalar fields push out the electromagnetic waves. Moreover, there is a possibility of the existence of the materials, from which we feel no gravitational forces although the electromagnetic waves are kicked out by those gravitational waves. We also discussed about the relation with weight.
Category: Classical Physics

Deficit of Mass: An Unfortunate Development in Physics

Authors: Karunakar Marasakatla
Comments: 4 pages

Balance scale based measurement of mass is simply a comparison of gravity. The mass of an object, when measured using the balance scale, will be dependent on the volume of the object along with the amount of matter inside the object. Mass deficit is simply the variation in the mass of the object due to the change in volume of the object.
Category: Classical Physics

A Clifford Algebra Realization of Supersymmetry and Its Polyvector Extension in Clifford Spaces

Authors: Carlos Castro
Comments: 15 pages, submitted to Foundations of Physics.

It is shown explicitly how to construct a novel (to our knowledge) realization of the Poincare superalgebra in 2D. These results can be extended to other dimensions and to (extended) superconformal and (anti) de Sitter superalgebras. There is a fundamental difference between the findings of this work with the other approaches to Supersymmetry (over the past four decades) using Grassmannian calculus and which is based on anti-commuting numbers. We provide an algebraic realization of the anticommutators and commutators of the 2D super-Poincare algebra in terms of the generators of the tensor product Cl1,1(R) x A of a two-dim Clifford algebra and an internal algebra A whose generators can be represented in terms of powers of a 3 x 3 matrix Q, such that Q3 = 0. Our realization differs from the standard realization of superalgebras in terms of differential operators in Superspace involving Grassmannian (anticommuting) coordinates θ^α and bosonic coordinates x^μ. We conclude in the final section with an analysis of how to construct Polyvector-valued extensions of supersymmetry in Clifford Spaces involving spinor-tensorial supercharge generators Qμ1μ2.....μn and momentum polyvectors Pμ1μ2....μn. Clifford-Superspace is an extension of Clifford-space and whose symmetry transformations are generalized polyvector-valued supersymmetries.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

A More Natural Reference Model Integrating Relativity and Quantum Mechanics

Authors: J Gregory Moxness
Comments: 28 pages, 1 figure, Latex. Original ideas from 1997, latest modifications Nov 22, 2007.

M Theory and/or Loop Quantum Gravity hold the promise of resolving the conflict between general relativity and quantum mechanics but lack experimental connections to predictability in physics. A connection is made to these and other theories vying for the title of a "Theory of Everything" by questioning the value of the traditional Planck unit reference point for the scales at which they operate. It also suggests a cosmological model which has acceleration as being fundamental. It provides for an intuitive understanding of the Standard Model and its relationship to particle masses and the structure of the atom. The prediction of particle mass and lifetimes is a good indicator for its validity.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

Super Special Codes Using Super Matrices

Authors: W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy, Florentin Smarandache, K. Ilanthenral
Comments: 163 pages

The new classes of super special codes are constructed in this book using the specially constructed super special vector spaces. These codes mainly use the super matrices. These codes can be realized as a special type of concatenated codes.
Category: Combinatorics and Graph Theory

A Method to Solve the Diophantine Equation a X²-B Y² + C = 0

Authors: Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 10 pages.

We consider the equation (1) ax² - by² + c = 0, with a,b ε N* and c ε Z*. It is a generalization of Pell's equation: x² -Dy² = 1. Here, we show that: if the equation has an integer solution and a.b is not a perfect square, then (1) has an infinitude of integer solutions; in this case we find a closed expression for (x_n,y_n), the general positive integer solution, by an original method. More, we generalize it for any Diophantine equation of second degree and with two unknowns.
Category: Number Theory

Properties of a Hexagon Circumscribed to a Circle

Authors: Ion Pătraşcu, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 3 pages.

In this paper we analyze and prove two properties of a hexagon circumscribed to a circle
Category: Geometry

A Multiple Theorem with Isogonal and Concyclic Points

Authors: Florentin Smarandache, Ion Pătraşcu
Comments: 3 pages.

A Multiple Theorem with Isogonal and Concyclic Points
Category: Geometry

Retrospective Examination of Three Articles Published in the Revue Des Questions Scientifiques in 2005 and 2006.

Authors: François Barriquand
Comments: 20 pages, The present article is going to be submitted to the "Revue des Questions Scientifiques"

Three articles published by the same author in the Revue des Questions Scientifiques in 2005 and 2006 are reexamined with special attention paid to a theorem published by Allahverdyan and Nieuwenhuizen in 2002 concerning Thomson's formulation of the second law, as well as to the results of the so-called "before-before" experiment performed on entangled pairs by Stefanov, Zbinden, Gisin and Suarez. As far as thermodynamics are concerned, it is explained here that a macroscopic observer can generate quasi "cycles", whose cyclical characteristics are in fact only valid from the macroscopic point of view, that can potentially enable her/him to retrieve work from a thermalizer without causing any perpetual motion. Concerning quantum entanglement, it is recognized - in contrast with what the author originally published in 2005 and 2006 - that superluminal transmission of decipherable information cannot be achieved if the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum theory remains universally valid. It is also pointed out that the foundations of general relativity cannot be easily reconciled with the implications of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen measurements.
Category: Quantum Physics

Explaining the Arrow of Time and the Collapse of Wave Function Based on the Primary gas Structure of Particle-VIII

Authors: V.A.Induchoodan Menon
Comments: 14 pages

The author after clarifying the physical implications of the imaginary time approach and the reversible real time approach goes on to explain how they differ from the progressive time which is experienced by all macroscopic systems [1]. He proposes that the progressive nature of time is a direct result of the increase in the entropy at the level of the structure of the elementary particles. According to him just as the vacuum fluctuations confine the photino (single luminal wave) to form a staphon (standing wave) which is the basic structure of a particle, a small part of the energy gets converted into heat which gets expressed in the jiggling motion of the particle. It is proposed that this random motion arising from the absorption of the vacuum energy contributes to infinitesimal increase in the internal heat of the particle which results in the increase in entropy right at the level of the elementary particle. He calls the process by which the particles absorb energy from vacuum "the vean process". He proposes that this increase in entropy at the level of the elementary particles results in time acquiring the progressive nature. With this interpretation of the progressive nature of time, the problem of the collapse of wave function gets resolved without invoking the presence of a conscious observer. Even the process of entanglement appears to have space-time limitations. He suggests that the existence of gravitational field and the expansion of the universe also may be traced to this vean process.
Category: Quantum Physics

A Note of Widening on the Redshift Mechanism

Authors: José Francisco García Juliá
Comments: 5 Pages.

A single tired light mechanism has been proposed for explaining the cosmological redshift without expansion of the universe and also the intrinsic redshift, that is, the excess of redshift of the radio sources. In this note of widening, we show that the mechanism would be similar to the discharge of an electric capacitor, to the radiation loss by fast electrons and to the radioactive nuclei decay.
Category: Astrophysics

Searching for Life on Habitable Planets and Moons

Authors: Ashwini Kumar Lal
Comments: 16 pages, 2 figures, published in 'Journal of Cosmology', 2010, vol.5, pp.801-810 ; also archived at ARXIV as arXiv: 0912.1040

Earth is the only known inhabited planet in the universe to date. However, advancements in the fields of astrobiology and observational astronomy, as also discovery of large varieties of extremophiles with extraordinary capability to thrive in harshest environments on Earth, have led to speculation that life may possibly be thriving on many of the extraterrestrial bodies in the universe. Coupled with the growing number of exoplanets detected over the past decade, the search for the possibility of life on other planets and satellites within the solar system and beyond has become a passion as well as a challenge for scientists in a variety of fields. This paper examines such possibility in the light of findings of the numerous space probes and theoretical research undertaken in this field over the past few decades.
Category: Astrophysics

The Creative Acts of a Youthful God

Authors: Ron Bourgoin
Comments: 2 Pages.

We can never know a thing completely. The more we think about something, the more about it we find to think about. When one considers the number of things in creation, to have thought about all aspects of an infinite number of things would have taken an eternity. A youthful God would have created with sufficient but incomplete knowledge. The changes we see in nature are evidence of tweaking: a mature God is making adjustments.
Category: Religion and Spiritualism

Handbook of Functions Errata

Authors: Fredy Zypman
Comments: 2 pages

Formulas connecting toroidal functions and elliptical functions are useful in various areas of physics. In solving a problem in electrostatics we run across an error in the Handbook of mathematical functions of Abramowitz and Stegun. In this paper we report the details.
Category: Mathematical Physics

Massive Gravitons Stability , and a Review of How Many Gravitons Make up a Gravity Wave Detectable / Congruent with B.P. Abbott, Et.al., Nature 460, 991 (2009).

Authors: Andrew Beckwith
Comments: 6 pages, 1 figure. Set of notes being turned into an article as to inter relating a graviton count, versus gravitational waves. Will be part of discussions raised in conferences this summer. coming up with specifics as far as the inter relationship

The following questions are raised. First, can there be a stable (massive) graviton? Secondly, what is the relationship between a Gravity Wave, and Gravitons? The inter relationship between a graviton, and a gravity wave is raised, with an idea of eventually making sense of a numerical count presented by Claus Kieffer, in his book on Quantum gravity, in conjunction with how a gravity wave/ graviton count could have some over lap.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

Origin of Life

Authors: Ashwini Kumar Lal
Comments: 32 pages, 8 figures, invited review article (published in Astrophysics & Space Science, 2008, volume 317, issue 3-4, pp.267-278), minor addition

The evolution of life has been a big enigma despite rapid advancements in the fields of biochemistry, astrobiology, and astrophysics in recent years. The answer to this puzzle has been as mind-boggling as the riddle relating to evolution of Universe itself. Despite the fact that panspermia has gained considerable support as a viable explanation for origin of life on the Earth and elsewhere in the Universe, the issue remains far from a tangible solution. This paper examines the various prevailing hypotheses regarding origin of life like abiogenesis, RNA world,iron-sulphur world, and panspermia; and concludes that delivery of life-bearing organic molecules by the comets in the early epoch of the Earth alone possibly was not responsible for kick-starting the process of evolution of life on our planet.
Category: Astrophysics

Did We Get the Fundamentals in Physics Wrong?

Authors: Karunakar Marasakatla
Comments: 4 pages

Definition and measurement of the fundamental units is essential to the principles of physics. Distance has an obvious and simple relationship with the measuring scale. Such a relationship is absent in measuring the mass of an object using the balance scale. This is one of the important factors for the present chaotic scenario in the field of physics.
Category: Classical Physics

The New Prime Theorem (101)-(130)

Authors: Chun-Xuan Jiang
Comments: 38 pages

Using Jiang function we prove that the new prime theorems (101)-(130) contain infinitely many prime solutions and no prime solutions.
Category: Number Theory

The New Prime Theorem (71)-(100)

Authors: Chun-Xuan Jiang
Comments: 38 pages

Using Jiang function we prove that the new prime theorems (71)-(100) contain infinitely many prime solutions and no prime solutions.
Category: Number Theory

U-Statistics Based on Spacings

Authors: David D. Tung, S. Rao Jammalamadaka
Comments: 23 Pages.

In this paper, we investigate the asymptotic theory for U-statistics based on sample spacings, i.e. the gaps between successive observations. The usual asymptotic theory for U-statistics does not apply here because spacings are dependent variables. However, under the null hypothesis, the uniform spacings can be expressed as conditionally independent Exponential random variables. We exploit this idea to derive the relevant asymptotic theory both under the null hypothesis and under a sequence of close alternatives. The generalized Gini mean difference of the sample spacings is a prime example of a U-statistic of this type. We show that such a Gini spacings test is analogous to Rao's spacings test. We find the asymptotically locally most powerful test in this class, and it has the same efficacy as the Greenwood statistic.
Category: Statistics

Theoretical Foundation of Gravito-Electromagnetism: The Theory of Informatons

Authors: Antoine Acke
Comments: 37 pages.

The theory of gravitoelectromagnetism (G.E.M.) - that assumes a perfect isomorphism between electromagnetism and gravitation - has been established by Oliver Heaviside (1) and Oleg Jefimenko (2). Within the framework of general relativity, G.E.M. has been discussed by a number of authors (3). It is shown that the gravitational analogs to Maxwell's equations (the G.E.M. equations) can be derived from the Einstein field equation. In this paper we propose an alternative theoretical foundation of G.E.M.: we explain the gravitational interactions, we identify the physical quantities that play a role in that context, and we mathematically derive the laws of gravitoelectromagnetism .
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

Is Dowsing a Useful Tool for Serious Scientific Research?

Authors: Jeffrey S. Keen
Comments: 16 pages, 10 Figures, 3 Tables.

It is well known that the act of observation can appear to affect the results of certain scientific experiments. Even though research has shown that the mind is much more than the brain, some research techniques into the causes of this phenomenon have been branded as non-scientific due to the mind producing personal, un-metered, and seemingly inconsistent results. This research into the reasons for this variability has produced two important conclusions. First, a powerful technique for studying the mind has been established, in which confidence exists because measurements using this technique have led to universal constants. Subsequent use of this technique in further research has shown that the mind and the perception of an observer may be significantly affected by the local and non-local environment, and is dependant on the time of the day, month, or year on which those measurements are made. This research has led towards a greater understanding of the structure of the universe and its connection to consciousness and information. For example, it is demonstrated that the mind's ability to communicate information from across the solar system is much faster than the speed of light.
Category: Mind Science

Wave, Formal-Mathematical and Corpuscular Description of the World

Authors: Vladislav Konovalov
Comments: 2 pages.

Wave, formal-mathematical and corpuscular description of the world
Category: Quantum Physics

The Geometry of CP₂ and its Relationship to Standard Model

Authors: Matti Pitkänen
Comments: 13 Pages.

This appendix contains basic facts about CP₂ as a symmetric space and Kähler manifold. The coding of the standard model symmetries to the geometry of CP₂, the physical interpretation of the induced spinor connection in terms of electro-weak gauge potentials, and basic facts about induced gauge fields are discussed
Category: Mathematical Physics

Could the Dynamics of Kähler Action Predict the Hierarchy of Planck Constants?

Authors: Matti Pitkänen
Comments: 5 Pages.

The original justification for the hierarchy of Planck constants came from the indications that Planck constant could have large values in both astrophysical systems involving dark matter and also in biology. The realization of the hierarchy in terms of the singular coverings and possibly also factor spaces of CD and CP₂ emerged from consistency conditions. It however seems that TGD actually predicts this hierarchy of covering spaces. The extreme non-linearity of the field equations defined by Kähler action means that the correspondence between canonical momentum densities and time derivatives of the imbedding space coordinates is 1-to-many. This leads naturally to the introduction of the covering space of CD x CP₂, where CD denotes causal diamond defined as intersection of future and past directed light-cones.
Category: Mathematical Physics

Weak Form of Electric-Magnetic Duality and Its Implications

Authors: Matti Pitkänen
Comments: 25 Pages.

The notion of electric magnetic duality emerged already two decades ago in the attempts to formulate the Kähler geometry of the "world of classical worlds". Quite recently a considerable step of progress took place in the understanding of this notion. This concept leads to the identification of the physical particles as string like objects defined by magnetic charged wormhole throats connected by magnetic ux tubes. The second end of the string contains particle having electroweak isospin neutralizing that of elementary fermion and the size scale of the string is electro-weak scale would be in question. Hence the screening of electro-weak force takes place via weak confinement. This picture generalizes to magnetic color confinement. Electric-magnetic duality leads also to a detailed understanding of how TGD reduces to almost topological quantum field theory. A surprising outcome is the necessity to replace CP₂ Kähler form in Kähler action with its sum with S² Kähler form.
Category: Mathematical Physics

How to Define Generalized Feynman Diagrams?

Authors: Matti Pitkänen
Comments: 16 Pages.

Generalized Feynman diagrams have become the central notion of quantum TGD and one might even say that space-time surfaces can be identified as generalized Feynman diagrams. The challenge is to assign a precise mathematical content for this notion, show their mathematical existence, and develop a machinery for calculating them. Zero energy ontology has led to a dramatic progress in the understanding of generalized Feynman diagrams at the level of fermionic degrees of freedom. In particular, manifest finiteness in these degrees of freedom follows trivially from the basic identifications as does also unitarity and non-trivial coupling constant evolution. There are however several formidable looking challenges left.

1. One should perform the functional integral over WCW degrees of freedom for fixed values of on mass shell momenta appearing in the internal lines. After this one must perform integral or summation over loop momenta.
2. One must define the functional integral also in the p-adic context. p-Adic Fourier analysis relying on algebraic continuation raises hopes in this respect. p-Adicity suggests strongly that the loop momenta are discretized and ZEO predicts this kind of discretization naturally.

Physics as Generalized Number Theory: Infinite Primes

Authors: Matti Pitkänen
Comments: 38 Pages.

The focus of this book is the number theoretical vision about physics. This vision involves three loosely related parts.

1. The fusion of real physic and various p-adic physics to a single coherent whole by generalizing the number concept by fusing real numbers and various p-adic number fields along common rationals. Extensions of p-adic number fields can be introduced by gluing them along common algebraic numbers to reals. Algebraic continuation of the physics from rationals and their their extensions to various number fields (generalization of completion process for rationals) is the key idea, and the challenge is to understand whether how one could achieve this dream. A profound implication is that purely local p-adic physics would code for the p-adic fractality of long length length scale real physics and vice versa, and one could understand the origins of p-adic length scale hypothesis.
2. Second part of the vision involves hyper counterparts of the classical number fields defined as subspaces of their complexifications with Minkowskian signature of metric. Allowed space-time surfaces would correspond to what might be called hyper-quaternionic sub-manifolds of a hyper-octonionic space and mappable to M⁴× CP₂ in natural manner. One could assign to each point of space-time surface a hyper-quaternionic 4-plane which is the plane defined by the modified gamma matrices but not tangent plane in general. Hence the basic variational principle of TGD would have deep number theoretic content.
3. The third part of the vision involves infinite primes identifiable in terms of an infinite hierarchy of second quantized arithmetic quantum fields theories on one hand, and as having representations as space-time surfaces analogous to zero loci of polynomials on the other hand. Single space-time point would have an infinitely complex structure since real unity can be represented as a ratio of infinite numbers in infinitely many manners each having its own number theoretic anatomy. Single space-time point would be in principle able to represent in its structure the quantum state of the entire universe. This number theoretic variant of Brahman=Atman identity would make Universe an algebraic hologram.

   Number theoretical vision suggests that infinite hyper-octonionic or -quaternionic primes could could correspond directly to the quantum numbers of elementary particles and a detailed proposal for this correspondence is made. Furthermore, the generalized eigenvalue spectrum of the Chern-Simons Dirac operator could be expressed in terms of hyper-complex primes in turn defining basic building bricks of infinite hyper-complex primes from which hyper-octonionic primes are obtained by dicrete SU(3) rotations performed for finite hyper-complex primes.

Besides this holy trinity I will discuss loosely related topics. Included are possible applications of category theory in TGD framework; TGD inspired considerations related to Riemann hypothesis; topological quantum computation in TGD Universe; and TGD inspired approach to Langlands program.

Category: Mathematical Physics

Physics as Generalized Number Theory: Classical Number Fields

Authors: Matti Pitkänen
Comments: 28 Pages.

Physics as a generalized number theory program involves three threads: various p-adic physics and their fusion together with real number based physics to a larger structure, the attempt to understand basic physics in terms of classical number fields discussed in this article, and infinite primes whose construction is formally analogous to a repeated second quantization of an arithmetic quantum field theory. In this article the connection between standard model symmetries and classical number fields is discussed. The basis vision is that the geometry of the infinite-dimensional WCW ("world of classical worlds") is unique from its mere existence. This leads to its identification as union of symmetric spaces whose Kähler geometries are fixed by generalized conformal symmetries. This fixes space-time dimension and the decomposition M⁴ x S and the idea is that the symmetries of the Kähler manifold S make it somehow unique. The motivating observations are that the dimensions of classical number fields are the dimensions of partonic 2-surfaces, space-time surfaces, and imbedding space and M⁸ can be identified as hyper-octonions- a sub-space of complexified octonions obtained by adding a commuting imaginary unit. This stimulates some questions. Could one understand S = CP₂ number theoretically in the sense that M⁸ and H = M⁴ x CP₂ be in some deep sense equivalent ("number theoretical compactification" or M⁸ - H duality)? Could associativity define the fundamental dynamical principle so that space-time surfaces could be regarded as associative or co-associative (defined properly) sub-manifolds of M⁸ or equivalently of H. One can indeed define the associativite (co-associative) 4-surfaces using octonionic representation of gamma matrices of 8-D spaces as surfaces for which the modified gamma matrices span an associate (co-associative) sub-space at each point of space-time surface. Also M⁸ - H duality holds true if one assumes that this associative sub-space at each point contains preferred plane of M⁸ identifiable as a preferred commutative or co-commutative plane (this condition generalizes to an integral distribution of commutative planes in M⁸). These planes are parametrized by CP₂ and this leads to M⁸ - H duality. WCW itself can be identified as the space of 4-D local sub-algebras of the local Clifford algebra of M⁸ or H which are associative or co-associative. An open conjecture is that this characterization of the space-time surfaces is equivalent with the preferred extremal property of Kähler action with preferred extremal identified as a critical extremal allowing infinite-dimensional algebra of vanishing second variations.
Category: Mathematical Physics

Physics as Generalized Number Theory: P-Adic Physics and Number Theoretic Universality

Authors: Matti Pitkänen
Comments: 51 Pages.

Physics as a generalized number theory program involves three threads: various p-adic physics and their fusion together with real number based physics to a larger structure, the attempt to understand basic physics in terms of classical number fields (in particular, identifying associativity condition as the basic dynamical principle), and infinite primes whose construction is formally analogous to a repeated second quantization of an arithmetic quantum field theory. In this article p-adic physics and the technical problems relates to the fusion of p-adic physics and real physics to a larger structure are discussed. The basic technical problems relate to the notion of definite integral both at space-time level, imbedding space level and the level of WCW (the "world of classical worlds"). The expressibility of WCW as a union of symmetric spacesleads to a proposal that harmonic analysis of symmetric spaces can be used to define various integrals as sums over Fourier components. This leads to the proposal the p-adic variant of symmetric space is obtained by a algebraic continuation through a common intersection of these spaces, which basically reduces to an algebraic variant of coset space involving algebraic extension of rationals by roots of unity. This brings in the notion of angle measurement resolution coming as Δφ = 2π/pⁿ for given p-adic prime p. Also a proposal how one can complete the discrete version of symmetric space to a continuous p-adic versions emerges and means that each point is effectively replaced with the p-adic variant of the symmetric space identifiable as a p-adic counterpart of the real discretization volume so that a fractal p-adic variant of symmetric space results. If the Kähler geometry of WCW is expressible in terms of rational or algebraic functions, it can in principle be continued the p-adic context. One can however consider the possibility that that the integrals over partonic 2-surfaces defining ux Hamiltonians exist p-adically as Riemann sums. This requires that the geometries of the partonic 2-surfaces effectively reduce to finite sub-manifold geometries in the discretized version of δM₊⁴. If Kähler action is required to exist p-adically same kind of condition applies to the space-time surfaces themselves. These strong conditions might make sense in the intersection of the real and p-adic worlds assumed to characterized living matter.
Category: Mathematical Physics

Construction of Configuration Space Spinor Structure

Authors: Matti Pitkänen
Comments: 95 Pages.

There are three separate approaches to the challenge of constructing WCW Kähler geometry and spinor structure. The first approach relies on a direct guess of Kähler function. Second approach relies on the construction of Kähler form and metric utilizing the huge symmetries of the geometry needed to guarantee the mathematical existence of Riemann connection. The third approach discussed in this article relies on the construction of spinor structure based on the hypothesis that complexified WCW gamma matrices are representable as linear combinations of fermionic oscillator operator for the second quantized free spinor fields at space-time surface and on the geometrization of super-conformal symmetries in terms of spinor structure. This implies a geometrization of fermionic statistics. The basic philosophy is that at fundamental level the construction of WCW geometry reduces to the second quantization of the induced spinor fields using Dirac action. This assumption is parallel with the bosonic emergence stating that all gauge bosons are pairs of fermion and antifermion at opposite throats of wormhole contact. Vacuum function is identified as Dirac determinant and the conjecture is that it reduces to the exponent of Kähler function. In order to achieve internal consistency induced gamma matrices appearing in Dirac operator must be replaced by the modified gamma matrices defined uniquely by Kähler action and one must also assume that extremals of Kähler action are in question so that the classical space-time dynamics reduces to a consistency condition. This implies also super-symmetries and the fermionic oscillator algebra at partonic 2-surfaces has intepretation as N = 1 generalization of space-time supersymmetry algebra different however from standard SUSY algebra in that Majorana spinors are not needed. This algebra serves as a building brick of various super-conformal algebras involved. The requirement that there exist deformations giving rise to conserved Noether charges requires that the preferred extremals are critical in the sense that the second variation of the Kähler action vanishes for these deformations. Thus Bohr orbit property could correspond to criticality or at least involve it. Quantum classical correspondence demands that quantum numbers are coded to the properties of the preferred extremals given by the Dirac determinant and this requires a linear coupling to the conserved quantum charges in Cartan algebra. Effective 2-dimensionality allows a measurement interaction term only in 3-D Chern-Simons Dirac action assignable to the wormhole throats and the ends of the space-time surfaces at the boundaries of CD. This allows also to have physical propagators reducing to Dirac propagator not possible without the measurement interaction term. An essential point is that the measurement interaction corresponds formally to a gauge transformation for the induced Kähler gauge potential. If one accepts the weak form of electric-magnetic duality Kähler function reduces to a generalized Chern-Simons term and the effect of measurement interaction term to Kähler function reduces effectively to the same gauge transformation. The basic vision is that WCW gamma matrices are expressible as super-symplectic charges at the boundaries of CD. The basic building brick of WCW is the product of infinite-D symmetric spaces assignable to the ends of the propagator line of the generalized Feynman diagram. WCW Kähler metric has in this case "kinetic" parts associated with the ends and "interaction" part between the ends. General expressions for the super-counterparts of WCW ux Hamiltoniansand for the matrix elements of WCW metric in terms of their anticommutators are proposed on basis of this picture.
Category: Mathematical Physics

Construction of Configuration Space Geometry from Symmetry Principles

Authors: Matti Pitkänen
Comments: 26 Pages.

There are three separate approaches to the challenge of constructing WCW Kähler geometry and spinor structure. The first one relies on a direct guess of Kähler function. Second approach relies on the construction of Kähler form and metric utilizing the huge symmetries of the geometry needed to guarantee the mathematical existence of Riemann connection. The third approach relies on the construction of spinor structure assuming that complexified WCW gamma matrices are representable as linear combinations of fermionic oscillator operator for the second quantized free spinor fields at space-time surface and on the geometrization of super-conformal symmetries in terms of spinor structure. In this article the construction of Kähler form and metric based on symmetries is discussed. The basic vision is that WCW can be regarded as the space of generalized Feynman diagrams with lines thickned to light-like 3-surfaces and vertices identified as partonic 2-surfaces. In zero energy ontology the strong form of General Coordinate Invariance (GCI) implies effective 2-dimensionality and the basic objects are pairs partonic 2-surfaces X² at opposite light-like boundaries of causal diamonds (CDs). The hypothesis is that WCW can be regarded as a union of infinite-dimensional symmetric spaces G/H labeled by zero modes having an interpretation as classical, non-quantum uctuating variables. A crucial role is played by the metric 2-dimensionality of the light-cone boundary δM₊⁴ + and of light-like 3-surfaces implying a generalization of conformal invariance. The group G acting as isometries of WCW is tentatively identified as the symplectic group of δM₊⁴ x CP₂ localized with respect to X². H is identified as Kac-Moody type group associated with isometries of H = M₊⁴ x CP₂ acting on light-like 3-surfaces and thus on X². An explicit construction for the Hamiltonians of WCW isometry algebra as so called ux Hamiltonians is proposed and also the elements of Kähler form can be constructed in terms of these. Explicit expressions for WCW ux Hamiltonians as functionals of complex coordinates of the Cartesisian product of the infinite-dimensional symmetric spaces having as points the partonic 2-surfaces defining the ends of the the light 3-surface (line of generalized Feynman diagram) are proposed.
Category: Mathematical Physics

Identification of the Configuration Space Kähler Function

Authors: Matti Pitkänen
Comments: 29 Pages.

There are two basic approaches to quantum TGD. The first approach, which is discussed in this article, is a generalization of Einstein's geometrization program of physics to an infinitedimensional context. Second approach is based on the identification of physics as a generalized number theory. The first approach relies on the vision of quantum physics as infinite-dimensional Kähler geometry for the "world of classical worlds" (WCW) identified as the space of 3-surfaces in in certain 8-dimensional space. There are three separate approaches to the challenge of constructing WCW Kähler geometry and spinor structure. The first approach relies on direct guess of Kähler function. Second approach relies on the construction of Kähler form and metric utilizing the huge symmetries of the geometry needed to guarantee the mathematical existence of Riemann connection. The third approach relies on the construction of spinor structure based on the hypothesis that complexified WCW gamma matrices are representable as linear combinations of fermionic oscillator operator for second quantized free spinor fields at space-time surface and on the geometrization of super-conformal symmetries in terms of WCW spinor structure. In this article the proposal for Kähler function based on the requirement of 4-dimensional General Coordinate Invariance implying that its definition must assign to a given 3-surface a unique space-time surface. Quantum classical correspondence requires that this surface is a preferred extremal of some some general coordinate invariant action, and so called Kähler action is a unique candidate in this respect. The preferred extremal has intepretation as an analog of Bohr orbit so that classical physics becomes and exact part of WCW geometry and therefore also quantum physics. The basic challenge is the explicit identification of WCW Kähler function K. Two assumptions lead to the identification of K as a sum of Chern-Simons type terms associated with the ends of causal diamond and with the light-like wormhole throats at which the signature of the induced metric changes. The first assumption is the weak form of electric magnetic duality. Second assumption is that the Kähler current for preferred extremals satisfies the condition jK ^ djK = 0 implying that the ow parameter of the ow lines of jK defines a global space-time coordinate. This would mean that the vision about reduction to almost topological QFT would be realized. Second challenge is the understanding of the space-time correlates of quantum criticality. Electric-magnetic duality helps considerably here. The realization that the hierarchy of Planck constant realized in terms of coverings of the imbedding space follows from basic quantum TGD leads to a further understanding. The extreme non-linearity of canonical momentum densities as functions of time derivatives of the imbedding space coordinates implies that the correspondence between these two variables is not 1-1 so that it is natural to introduce coverings of CD x CP₂. This leads also to a precise geometric characterization of the criticality of the preferred extremals.
Category: Mathematical Physics

Physics as Infinite-dimensional Geometry and Generalized Number Theory: Basic Visions

Authors: Matti Pitkänen
Comments: 33 Pages.

There are two basic approaches to the construction of quantum TGD. The first approach relies on the vision of quantum physics as infinite-dimensional Kähler geometry for the "world of classical worlds" identified as the space of 3-surfaces in in certain 8-dimensional space. Essentially a generalization of the Einstein's geometrization of physics program is in question. The second vision is the identification of physics as a generalized number theory. This program involves three threads: various p-adic physics and their fusion together with real number based physics to a larger structure, the attempt to understand basic physics in terms of classical number fields (in particular, identifying associativity condition as the basic dynamical principle), and infinite primes whose construction is formally analogous to a repeated second quantization of an arithmetic quantum field theory. In this article brief summaries of physics as infinite-dimensional geometry and generalized number theory are given to be followed by more detailed articles.
Category: Mathematical Physics

The Final Prophesies of Jesus Christ and the Announcement of the End of Days

Authors: Jeremey Razelle
Comments: 5 Pages.

From the dawn of time (nearly 10,000 years ago) The One and Only Lord Jesus Christ has been authoritating a sequence of events directed at the culmination of the fulfillment of human prophesy namely, the final battle for the souls of all humans kind. Much has been written1 already on the End of Days as it is pertinent to the humans kind, and recent events points to the fulfillment of these events in our own time. This paper contains the declaration of End Times and Final Prophesize of Jesus Christ as dictated to his humble and faithful servents who He loves and wants to see saved from the Final Temptation of Science. There is great evil in the current organizations of NSF, DOE, and CERN as they prepare to wage The War of End Times. They refuse to hear the words of God and speak only to the false sciences of their Godless forefathers. As such they will bring about the end of days for their Science Pride. These are the very words of The Lord and Savior Jesus Christ and are to be heeded as the most important of all the words.
Category: Religion and Spiritualism

A Promise We Make to the Dead: a Comment on Arxiv:1006.2312

Authors: Ron Bourgoin
Comments: 3 Pages.

The authors of Arxiv:1006.2312 study the effect of mentors on their protégés. The study is quantitative, resting its conclusions on measurable outcomes, such as professorships, publications, etc. But what about the mentor who is a paradigm shifter? The paradigm shifter maybe has one protégé, if that. The paradigm shifter does not get published in the mainstream publications, nor does his or her protégé. But the paradigm shifter and his or her protégé cause revolutions, which are what determine directions and the future course of physics. How do we find those mentors and their protégés? Shouldn't that relationship be one we foster and encourage rather than stifle?
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

Nonlinear Theory of Elementary Particles 2. the Photon Theory

Authors: A.G. Kyriakos
Comments: 11 Pages.

In the proposed article the photon theory is examined from the point of view of the nonlinear theory of elementary particles ( http://vixra.org/abs/1005.0019 ).
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

Warp Drive Basic Science Written For "Aficionados". Chapter II - Jose Natario.

Authors: Fernando Loup
Comments: 28 Pages. This work develops the Natario Warp Drive from ther arXiv paper gr-qc/0110086.

Natario Warp Drive is one of the most exciting Spacetimes of General Relativity.It was the second Spacetime Metric able to develop Superluminal Velocities.However in the literature about Warp Drives the Natario Spacetime is only marginally quoted. Almost all the available literature covers the Alcubierre Warp Drive. It is our intention to present here the fully developed Natario Warp Drive Spacetime and its very interesting features.Our presentation is given in a more accessible mathematical formalism following the style of the current Warp Drive literature destined to graduate students of physics since the original Natario Warp Drive paper of 2001 was presented in a sophisticated mathematical formalism not accessible to average students. Like the Alcubierre Warp Drive Spaceime that requires a continuous function f(rs) in order to be completely analyzed or described we introduce here the Natario Shape Function n(r) that allows ourselves to study the amazing physical features of the Natario Warp Drive. The non-existence of a continuous Shape Function for the Natario Warp Drive in the original 2001 work was the reason why Natario Warp Drive was not covered by the standard literature in the same degree of coverage dedicated to the Alcubierre Warp Drive. We hope to change the situation because the Natario Warp Drive looks very promising.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

Inquiry As To If Higher Dimensions Can Be Used to Unify DM and DE, If Massive Gravitons Are Stable

Authors: Andrew Beckwith
Comments: 5 Pages.

The following questions are raised in this document. First, can there be a stable (massive) graviton? If so, does this massive graviton, as modeled by KK DM, with a modification of slight 4 dimensional space mass, contribute to DE, at least in terms of re acceleration ? The answer, if one assumes that the square of a frequency for graviton mass is real valued and greater than zero appears to be affirmative. The author, when considering a joint DM – DE model finds evidence that re acceleration of the universe one billion years ago in a higher dimensional setting can be justified in terms of a slight modification of standard KK DM models, if one considers how an information exchange between present to prior universes occurs, which the author thinks mandates more than four dimensional space time geometry.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

What Can be Said About ( Massive) Graviton Stability? & is there DM Generated DE ?

Authors: Andrew Beckwith
Comments: 39 pages, Re do of document, following changes suggested by a Moscow physicist whom I know. 39 pages, includes two sections; one on graviton stability, and another on DM-DE joint model. For Rudn 10 conference, June 30, 2010

Delineating conditions for the existence of a stable (massive) graviton mass, and its possible role in mimicking DE one billion years ago in the re acceleration of the universe
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

A Theorem about Simultaneous Orthological and Homological Triangles

Authors: Ion Pătraşcu, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 13 pages.

In this paper we prove that if P₁,P₂ are isogonal points in the triangle ABC , and if A₁B₁C₁ and A₂B₂C₂ are their ponder triangle such that the triangles ABC and A₁B₁C₁ are homological (the lines AA₁ , BB₁ , CC₁ are concurrent), then the triangles ABC and A₂B₂C₂ are also homological.
Category: Geometry

Hipotese de Smarandache: Evidencias, Implicacoes e Aplicacoes

Authors: Leonardo F. D. da Motta
Comments: 5 pages, Paper in Portugues.

Paper about the Smarandache Hypothesis that there is no speed barrier in the universe and one can construct any speed.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

Can a Massive Graviton be a Stable Particle ?

Authors: Andrew Beckwith
Comments: 6 pages, no figures. Part of accepted contribution to the Frontiers of Fundamental physics 11 conference, Paris, as a poster. Will be part of questions raised in documentation for the DICE 2010 conference in Italy run by Thomas Elze, September 13-17, 2010

This document is due to a question asked in the Dark Side of the Universe conference, 2010, in Leon, Mexico, when a researcher from India asked the author about how to obtain a stability analysis of massive gravitons. The answer to this question involves an extension of the usual Pauli_Fiertz Langrangian , with non zero graviton mass contributing to a relationship between the trace of a re done GR stress-energy tensor ( assuming non zero graviton mass) , and the trace of a re done symmetric tensor , times a tiny mass for a 4 dimensional graviton. The resulting analysis makes use of Visser's treatment of a stress energy tensor, with experimental applications discussed in the resulting analysis. If the square of frequency of a massive graviton is real valued and greater than zero, stability can be possibly confirmed experimentally.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

The New Prime Theorem (141)-(190)

Authors: Chun-Xuan Jiang
Comments: 60 pages

Using Jiang function we prove that the new prime theorems (141)-(190) contain infinitely many prime solutions and no prime solutions.
Category: Number Theory

Probabilistic Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics with Schrödinger Quantization Rule

Authors: Saurav Dwivedi
Comments: 5 pages

Quantum theory is a probabilistic theory, where certain variables are hidden or non-accessible. It results in lack of representation of systems under study. However, I deduce system's representation in probabilistic manner, introducing probability of existence w, and quantize it exploiting Schrödinger's quantization rule. The formalism enriches probabilistic quantum theory, and enables systems's representation in probabilistic manner.
Category: Quantum Physics

The Primary Gas and the Postulates of Quantum Mechanics-VII

Authors: V.A.Induchoodan Menon
Comments: 11 pages

The author shows that that for each quantum mechanical property of a micro-system there is a corresponding thermodynamic one in the primary gas. He further shows that the basic postulates of quantum mechanics have equivalents in the primary gas approach based on statistical mechanics provided time is accorded directional symmetry. He shows that the interference pattern obtained in Young's double slit experiment could be explained in terms of the primary gas approach using the directional symmetry of time.
Category: Quantum Physics

A Very Special Case, a Brief Comment About the Michelson / Morley Experiment

Authors: Roald C. Maximo
Comments: 3 pages

Very often, in the history of science, amazingly simple phenomena, when initially misunderstood, may become laden with prejudice and somewhat mystical connotations and, since then, are passed on from generation to generation for no better reason then magister dixit. One example already discussed here [1] has been stellar aberration. But there is nevertheless a very special case where in trying to explain the null result of the Michelson and Morley experiment scientists, just to keep up to their prejudices, chose the weirdest explanations; instrument length contraction or Ether drag !
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

Five Properties of the Smarandache Double Factorial Function

Authors: Felice Russo
Comments: 3 pages

In this paper some properties of the Smarandache double factorial function have been analyzed.
Category: Number Theory

An Economics Model for the Smarandache Anti-Geometry

Authors: Roberto Torretti
Comments: 3 pages

The Smarandache anti-geometry is a non-euclidean geometry that denies all Hilbert's twenty axioms, each axiom being denied in many ways in the same space. In this paper one finds an economics model to this geometry by making the following correlations: (i) A point is the balance in a particular checking account, expressed in U.S. currency. (Points are denoted by capital letters). (ii) A line is a person, who can be a human being. (Lines are denoted by lower case italics). (iii) A plane is a U.S. bank, affiliated to the FDIC. (Planes are denoted by lower case boldface letters).
Category: Geometry

About Very Perfect Numbers

Authors: Mihály Bencze, Florin Popovici, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 3 pages

In this short paper we prove that the square of an odd prime number cannot be a very perfect number.
Category: Number Theory

Smarandache Idempotents in Loop Rings Z_tL_n(m) of the Loops L_n(m):

Authors: W.B.Vasantha, Moon K. Chetry
Comments: 9 pages

In this paper we establish the existance of S-idempotents in case of loop rings Z_tL_n(m) for a special class of loops L_n(m); over the ring of modulo integers Z_t for a specific value of t. These loops satisfy the conditions g_i² = 1 for every g_i ε L_n(m). We prove Z_tL_n(m) has an S-idempotent when t is a perfect number or when t is of the form 2ⁱp or 3ⁱp (where p is an odd prime) or in general when t = p₁ⁱp₂ (p₁ and p₂ are distinct odd primes). It is important to note that we are able to prove only the existance of a single S-idempotent; however we leave it as an open problem wheather such loop rings have more than one S-idempotent. This paper has three sections. In section one, we give the basic notions about the loops L_n(m) and recall the definition of S-idempotents in rings. In section two, we establish the existance of S-idempotents in the loop ring Z_tL_n(m). In the final section, we suggest some interesting problems based on our study.
Category: Algebra

No-Time-Dilation Corrected Supernovae 1a and GRBs Data and Low-Energy Quantum Gravity

Authors: Michael A. Ivanov
Comments: 5 pages, 2 figures, Latex. Poster contribution to the VI Int. Workshop on the Dark side of the Universe (DSU2010), Guanajuato U., Leon, Mexico, 1-6 June, 2010.

Earlier it was shown that in the model of low-energy quantum gravity by the author, observations of Supernovae 1a and GRBs, which are corrected by observers for characteristic for the standard cosmological model time dilation, may be fitted with the theoretical luminosity distance curve only up to z ~ 0:5; for higher redshifts the predicted luminosity distance is essentially bigger. The model itself has not time dilation due to another redshift mechanism. It is shown here that a correction of observations for no time dilation leads to a good accordance of observations and theoretical predictions for all achieved redshifts.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

Hypothesis on MATTER

Authors: Nainan K. Varghese
Comments: 11 Pages. Originally published in General Science Journal

Alternative hypothesis, presented in book, ‘MATTER (Re-examined)’ is a revolutionary new concept, which explains all physical phenomena on the basis of a single assumption – ‘Substance is fundamental and matter alone provides substance to all real entities’. Unstructured matter-particles, derived from this assumption - Quanta of matter – in various combinations form an all-encompassing universal medium and all 3D matter-bodies. Itinerary, that lead to development of this concept, is briefly enumerated below. All steps along development of this concept and their conclusions are based on logical elaborations from characteristic properties of postulated quanta of matter. Except quanta of matter, no virtual particles, vague entities or their assumed properties are used. Kindly refer the book for detailed explanations on any point.
Category: Classical Physics

Perspectives About Density of Universal Cosmic Mass, Density of Space and the a-Temporal Gravitation

Authors: Davide Fiscaletti
Comments: 12 pages

Clocks are measuring systems for the numerical order, speed and frequency of material changes that run into space. Time does not run into space on its own, time exists only as numerical order, speed and frequency of material change. Stellar objects and particles move into space only and not into time. Gravitational interaction between material objects is the result of curvature of space that is determined by the granular structure of space. Density of the elementary grains of space depends on density of universal cosmic mass, higher is the density of universal cosmic mass lower is the density of grains of empty space. Density of empty space is the physical basis of its curvature. Material objects have a tendency to move into direction of lower density and higher curvature of space. Gravitational interaction mass-space-mass is immediate: the presence of a mass causes change of density of space, change of density of space causes gravitational motion. A mass acts on another mass indirectly via the change of density of empty space. Gravitational interaction between two masses is immediate: no time, namely no duration of motion of a particle or wave in space is needed to transmit gravitational interaction from one to another material object.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

Numerical Order of Physical Events Has no Duration

Authors: Davide Fiscaletti, Amrit S. Sorli
Comments: 8 pages

With clocks we measure numerical order t0,t1,t2,...,tn of a physical event. A sequence t_n-1 is "before" a sequence t_n equivalently to natural number n-1 is before natural number n. Numerical order t0,t1,t2,...,tn of a physical event has no duration. It runs in a timeless space where physical time is run of clocks. Duration of an event is a result of experiencing its measurement with a clock through the frame of psychological time "past-present-future" but events happen exclusively in space.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

About Immediate Physical Phenomena and Space as a Direct Medium of Information

Authors: Davide Fiscaletti
Comments: 11 pages

For several physical phenomena elapsed clock run t for them to happen is zero. These events can be appropriately defined as "immediate physical phenomena" and support the view that, at a fundamental level, time exists only as a run of clocks in a timeless space. Immediate physical phenomena are carried directly by space which functions as a direct information medium. The perspective is opened that the quanta of space that build quantum space assume a crucial role as regards these phenomena.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

Surmounting the Cartesian Cut: Torsion Fields, the Extended Photon, Quantum Jumps, The Klein Bottle, Multivalued Logic, the Time Operator Chronomes, Perception, Semiotics, Neurology and Cognition

Authors: Diego L. Rapoport
Comments: 79 pages

We present a conception that surmounts the Cartesian Cut -prevailing in science-based on a representation of the fusion of the physical 'objective' and the 'subjective' realms. We introduce a mathematical-physics and philosophical theory for the physical realm and its mapping to the cognitive and perceptual realms and a philosophical reflection on the bearings of this fusion in cosmology, cognitive sciences, human and natural systems and its relations with a time operator and the existence of time cycles in Nature's and human systems. This conception surges from the self-referential construction of spacetime through torsion fields and its singularities; in particular the photon's self-referential character, basic to the embodiment of cognition ; we shall elaborate this in detail in perception and neurology.
Category: Mind Science

It's My Lap to Run, but I Am Not the Best

Authors: Ron Bourgoin
Comments: 2 pages

There comes a time in life when it's our turn to run the lap. We are handed the baton in life's 4 x 100 meter relay. Perhaps there are others who would do a better job, but they didn't show up for the race.
Category: Religion and Spiritualism

Spacetime Deformations Theory

Authors: Jacek Safuta
Comments: 11 pages

The spacetime deformations concept proposes a road to unification of general relativity and quantum mechanics i.e. unifies all interactions, answers the questions: why particles have mass and what they are, answers the question: what is energy and dark energy, unifies force fields and matter, implies new theories like the spacetime deformations evolution. I propose a new definition of matter and energy however not contradictory to current theories but totally contradictory to everyday experience. The new quality here is that the definition is supposed to be free of human being�s perception and as far as possible also free of our language and culture limitations. I present also some points of view on computability of the actual Universe. This is a concept of principle (an universal concept delivering a description of nature) and not constructive one (describing a particular phenomenon using specific equations). The concept is background independent (the space has no fixed geometry).
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

A Class of Orthohomological Triangles

Authors: Claudiu Coandă, Florentin Smarandache, Ion Pătraşcu
Comments: 5 pages

In this article we propose to determine the triangles' class... (see paper for full abstract)
Category: Geometry

The Hyperbolic Menelaus Theorem in The Poincaré Disc Model of Hyperbolic Geometry

Authors: Florentin Smarandache, Catalin Barbu
Comments: 4 pages

In this note, we present the hyperbolic Menelaus theorem in the Poincaré disc of hyperbolic geometry.
Category: Geometry

Detector of Aether Operating on Transverse Doppler Effect

Authors: V.V. Demjanov
Comments: 7 pages

Rotating the source of light around the point lying on the light's beam we can observe the transverse Doppler effect by a spectrometer located in the center of rotation. The anomalous shift of the electromagnetic wave's frequency was found from this experiment (performed in 1969-1974 years) that appeared to be much higher than anticipated from the standard relativistic expression taking into account solely the linear velocity of rotation of the source in the laboratory. The interpretation of the experimental observations admitting absolute motion of the Earth and respective accounting for reality of the Lorentz contraction and time dilation enabled us to determine the speed of the Earth relative to luminiferous aether. It appeared to be somewhat above 400 km/s that agrees well with the value formerly found by me using three methods of determining the speed of "aether wind" by Michelson-type interferometers thoroughly accounted for refractive indices of optical media.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

The New Prime Theorem (131)-(140)

Authors: Chun-Xuan Jiang
Comments: 14 pages

Using Jiang function we prove that the new prime theorems (131)-(140) contain infinitely many prime solutions and no prime solutions.
Category: Number Theory