Relativity and Cosmology

1003 Submissions

[26] viXra:1003.0247 [pdf] replaced on 30 Mar 2010

Deceleration Parameter Q(Z) in 4D and 5D Geometries, and Implications of Graviton Mass in Mimicking Dark Energy in Both Geometries

Authors: Andrew Beckwith
Comments: 5 pages, 1 figure. Re done to make equivalence of Beckwith DM/DE and brane world conditions shown as the same as Yurov.s 2002 conditions. Actual conference submission for the Beyond the Standard Model 2010, by Dr. Andrew Beckwith. Heavily referenced by Dr. Beckwith in PIERS 2010, XIAN, on March 22, at 11 a.m. in room D with two other presenters, Dr. Cruise of Birmingham University, and Dr. Li of Chongquing University, as given by http://piers.mit.edu/piers2010xian/files/FinalProgram.pdf. Note that Dr. Grishkuk, of Cardiff University did not attend. Conference entry for proceedings as edited by Dr. H. V. Klaptor-Kleingross, as given for http://www.phy.uct.ac.za/beyond2010/

The case for a four-dimensional graviton mass (non zero) influencing reacceleration of the universe in both four and five dimensions is stated, with particular emphasis on the question whether 4D and 5D geometries as given here yield new physical insight as to cosmological evolution. Both cases give equivalent reacceleration one billion years ago, which leads to the question whether other criteria can determine the relative benefits of adding additional dimensions to cosmology models.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[25] viXra:1003.0222 [pdf] submitted on 21 Mar 2010

On the Scale Factor of the Universe and Redshift.

Authors: John Hunter
Comments: 6 pages

It is proposed that there has been a longstanding misunderstanding of the relationship between scale factor of the universe and redshift. It is shown how value of omega(matter) of one quarter of the true value, (hence the apparent dark energy phenomenon) can result from such a misconception. Predictions for the magnitudes of supernovae against redshift are made and found to be in good agreement with supernovae data, without dark energy.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[24] viXra:1003.0213 [pdf] submitted on 18 Mar 2010

Smarandache Φ-Theorem

Authors: Zhang Wenpeng
Comments: 1 page

Fermat's and Euler's theorem on congruencies are generalized to the case when the integers a and m are not necessarily co-prime.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[23] viXra:1003.0212 [pdf] submitted on 18 Mar 2010

On the Origins of the Stellar Initial Mass Function

Authors: Golden Gadzirayi Nyambuya
Comments: 12 pages, 2 figures, submitted to MNRAS-MJ.

In this reading, a new theoreticalmodel of star and cluster formation is posited. Thismodel seeks to set a mathematical framework to understand the origins of the stellar Initial Mass Function and within this framework, explain star and cluster formation from a unified perspective by tieing together into a single garment three important observational facts: (1) that the most massive stars of most observed clusters of stars are preferentially found in their centers; (2) Larson's 1982 empirical observation that the maximum stellar mass is related to the total mass of the parent cloud; (3) that clump masses in giant molecular clouds exhibit a power mass spectrum law akin to that found in star clusters and this behavior is also true for molecular clouds as well. Key to this model is the way the cloud fragments to form cores from which the new stars are born. We show that the recently proposed azimuthally symmetric theory of gravitation has two scale of fragmentation where one is the scale that leads to cloud collapse and the other is the scale on which the cloud fragments. The collapse and fragmentation takes place simultaneously. If the proposed model is anything to go by, then, one can safely posit that the slope of the IMF can be explained from two things: the star formation rate of the cores from which these stars form and the density index describing the density profile. Additionally and more importantly, if the present is anything to by, then, fragmentation of molecular clouds is posited as being a result of them possessing some spin angular momentum.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[22] viXra:1003.0210 [pdf] submitted on 18 Mar 2010

About Speed and Time

Authors: Roald C. Maximo
Comments: 3 pages

In this short essay, I am starting from very basic concepts to try, step by step, to establish a valid physical relation between speed, energy and time. My intention, just from the start, is to by pass the Theory of Relativity and also avoid the application of the Lorentz transformation as canned good. If it has to be part of the solution it shall also arise spontaneously during the formulations as it ended up being the case.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[21] viXra:1003.0194 [pdf] submitted on 16 Mar 2010

Applications of Euclidian Snyder Geometry to Space Time Physics & Deceleration Parameter ( DE Replacement?) Analysis of Linkage Between 1st, 2nd Inflation?

Authors: Andrew Beckwith
Comments: A. Yurov; arXiv : hep-th/028129 v1, 19 Aug, 2002 material added to the analysis presented in S.A. at Beyond the Standard Model. 50 pages

presentation of 7 new pages with respect to linkage between 1st and 2nd inflation, 1st 10-35 seconds after big bang, and 2nd one billion years ago
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[20] viXra:1003.0193 [pdf] replaced on 29 Mar 2010

DE-Celeration Parameter Q(Z) and Inflaton φ(t). I.e. How to Link Early Universe Inflation with re Acceleration? Links to Radi of the Universe Formalism?

Authors: Andrew Beckwith
Comments: 16 pages, four figures. Re statement of prior submission, with specific commentary as given in Appendix B, and also the radius of the Universe question , as can be ascertained via modeling included. This material added, to make presentation conform more closely to the Xian, PRC PIERS presentation given in 2010, March 22, at 11 a.m. which did emphasize, at the end the importance of material in Appendix B, as well as the given conclusion, and the radius of the Universe question, as of Eq. (38), as very important to applications of GW/ graviton based astronomy/ astro physics. Appendix B in particular delves into how massless graviton Field equations, and their small mass graviton versions do not connect, in the limit of mass of a graviton approaching zero.

The case for a four dimensional graviton mass (non zero) influencing reacceleration of the universe in five dimensions is stated; with emphasis upon if five dimensional geometries as given below give us new physical insight as to cosmological evolution. A calculated inflaton φ(t) may partly reemerge after fading out in the aftermath of inflation. The inflaton may be the source of re acceleration of the universe, especially if the effects of a re emergent inflaton are in tandem with the appearance of macro effects of a small graviton mass, leading to a speed up of the rate of expansion of the universe at red shit value of Z ~ .423. A final statement as to how and why the radius of the universe question may be affected by these deliberations is presented , in terms of if the graviton is either purely a field theoretic , or semi classical object, as via t'Hoofts deterministic QM is presented in the end, as an open question.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[19] viXra:1003.0191 [pdf] submitted on 16 Mar 2010

On a Heuristic Approach to Mechanics and Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies

Authors: Leonid I. Filippov
Comments: In Russian, 33 pages, 12 figures

Determination to make the Einstein's treatment of simultaneity and relativistic notions of length and time interval measurement more intuitive and illustrative led to creation of a model in which light impulses are substituted with sound signals. The model uncovers the substance of Einstein's mathematical constructs and the mechanisms that give rise to relativistic effects. Consistent application of the model resulted in new constructions. The paper examines known mechanical and electromagnetic phenomena that can be clarified by this model. The use of such an approach leads to the notion of a distinguished frame of reference. In particular, the theory calls for the existence of electromagnetic interaction that contradicts the principle of relativity. The paper contains a description of an experimental apparatus built to test this prediction, as well as the results of the experiments.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[18] viXra:1003.0176 [pdf] submitted on 15 Mar 2010

Gravitational Limits

Authors: Willi Penker
Comments: 3 pages

The theory of black holes states that without the energy set free by nuclear fusion, the gravity of a big star will always be stronger than all other forces, causing it to collapse and ending in a singularity. During such a collapse, however, gravity itself should free enough binding energy to ultimately prevent the star from collapsing to a state where its escape velocity reaches the speed of light.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[17] viXra:1003.0144 [pdf] submitted on 12 Mar 2010

A Simple Calculation of a Possible Variation in the Speed of Light

Authors: Ioannis Iraklis Haranas
Comments: 3 pages, Published Journal of Theoretics

The idea of a possible variable light cosmology was recently investigated by certain authors. In our brief note an estimate for a possible variation in the speed of light can be calculated if fundamental relations of cosmology are used along with a plausible definition of the speed of light.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[16] viXra:1003.0143 [pdf] submitted on 12 Mar 2010

On the Measurement of Absolute Velocities

Authors: Alex Ceapa
Comments: 4 pages, Published:Journal of Theoretics Oct/Nov 2002 Vol.4, No.5

Inertial observers can not only measure their absolute velocities but that of light as well, thereby being able to shed insight into the principle of the constancy of light velocity. The light speeds c±v, though considered to conflict with this principle, are shown herein to not be true physical entities.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[15] viXra:1003.0142 [pdf] submitted on 12 Mar 2010

Anisotropic Cosmological Models with a Generalized Chaplygin Gas

Authors: N. Mebarki
Comments: 10 pages, Presented at Invisible Universe International Conference, 29 June-10 July 2009, Paris, France

Anisotropic cosmological models with a generalized Chaplygin gas in a Finsler space-time geometry are considered and a class of exact solutions as well as cosmological parameters behaviors are studied. Moreover, the viability and stability criteria for a general solution are also discussed.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[14] viXra:1003.0141 [pdf] submitted on 12 Mar 2010

Higher Oreder Curvature Gravity in Finsler Geometry

Authors: N. Mebarki, M. Y. Boudjada
Comments: 3 pages, Presented in the 12th Marcel Grossmann Meeting 12-18 July 2009, Paris, France

In Finslerian space-time, a higher order curvature cosmological model of gravity is proposed and a class of cosmological solutions is obtained. Moreover, the viability and stability near critical points are also discussed.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[13] viXra:1003.0126 [pdf] submitted on 11 Mar 2010

The Meaning of Mass

Authors: Alex Ceapa
Comments: 2 pages, Published in Journal of Theoretics, vol.6-3, June/July 2004

Der Waerden obtained the spinorial transcription of the Dirac equation from the relativistic energy-momentum relationship. The recent validation of the principle of the physical determination of equations in the special relativity theory enables us to deduce the meaning of mass from his results.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[12] viXra:1003.0104 [pdf] replaced on 12 Mar 2010

Messenger Particles and Relativity

Authors: John R. McWhinnie
Comments: 13 pages

This article is an attempt to expose the role played by messenger particles in physics. The concept of the "messenger particle" has long been considered in physics. The latest research shows evidence that the four fundamental forces of nature ,Gravitation, Electromagnetic and the Weak and Strong Nuclear forces are all created by messenger particles. This hypotheses is leading to a new way of thinking about the fundamental sub-atomic wave/particles that are the building blocks of our universe. Some of the latest evidence actually shows that in order to understand what is happening with these messenger particles it is necessary to perceive them as information carriers. The four messenger particles that are thought to exist are the Graviton (not yet discovered) , Photon, Weak Guage Boson and the Gluon. This paper shall be concerned with the Photon as an information carrier.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[11] viXra:1003.0032 [pdf] submitted on 6 Mar 2010

Methods in the General Theory of Relativity

Authors: Dmitri Rabounski, Florentin Smarandache, Larissa Borissova
Comments: 107 pages, In Russian language

METHODS IN THE GENERAL THEORY OF RELATIVITY
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[10] viXra:1003.0030 [pdf] submitted on 6 Mar 2010

Today's Take on Einstein's Relativity

Authors: Homer B. Tilton, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 109 pages, PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONFERENCE OF 18 FEB 2005

Einstein originally declared that the distortions of special relativity reflect real changes to the objects being remotely observed, then reconsidered. The first non sequitur is quoted here from Sachs
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[9] viXra:1003.0026 [pdf] submitted on 6 Mar 2010

Begin the Adventure How to Break the Light Barrier by A.d. 2079

Authors: Homer B. Tilton, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 147 pages

Because of the almost universal failure to recognize the distinction between physical (reality-based, dynamical) and visual (appearance-based, kinematical) variables, a tremendous volume of mythology arose over the past 100 years centered around Einstein's reality view of the distortions of special relativity.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[8] viXra:1003.0023 [pdf] submitted on 6 Mar 2010

Neutrosophic Methods in General Relativity

Authors: Dmitri Rabounski, Florentin Smarandache, Larissa Borissova
Comments: 80 pages

In this work the authors apply concepts of Neutrosophic Logic to the General Theory of Relativity to obtain a generalisation of Einstein's fourdimensional pseudo-Riemannian differentiable manifold in terms of Smarandache Geometry (Smarandache manifolds), by which new classes of relativistic particles and non-quantum teleportation are developed. Fundamental features of Neutrosophic Logic are its denial of the Law of Excluded Middle, and open (or estimated) levels of truth, falsity and indeterminancy. Both Neutrosophic Logic and Smarandache Geometry were invented some years ago by one of the authors (F. Smarandache). The application of these purely mathematical theories to General Relativity reveals hitherto unknown possibilities for Einstein's theory. The issue of how closely the new theoretical possibilities account for physical phenomena, and indeed the viability of the concept of a fourdimensional space-time continuum itself as a fundamental model of Nature, must of course be explored by experiment.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[7] viXra:1003.0021 [pdf] submitted on 6 Mar 2010

S-Denying of the Signature Conditions Expands General Relativity's Space

Authors: Dmitri Rabounski, Florentin Smarandache, Larissa Borissova
Comments: 7 pages

We apply the S-denying procedure to signature conditions in a four-dimensional pseudo-Riemannian space - i. e. we change one (or even all) of the conditions to be partially true and partially false. We obtain five kinds of expanded space-time for General Relativity. Kind I permits the space-time to be in collapse. Kind II permits the space-time to change its own signature. Kind III has peculiarities, linked to the third signature condition. Kind IV permits regions where the metric fully degenerates: there may be non-quantum teleportation, and a home for virtual photons. Kind V is common for kinds I, II, III, and IV.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[6] viXra:1003.0020 [pdf] submitted on 6 Mar 2010

Positive, Neutral and Negative Mass-Charges in General Relativity

Authors: Larissa Borissova, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 4 pages

As shown, any four-dimensional proper vector has two observable projections onto time line, attributed to our world and the mirror world (for a mass-bearing particle, the projections posses are attributed to positive and negative mass-charges). As predicted, there should be a class of neutrally mass-charged particles that inhabit neither our world nor the mirror world. Inside the space-time area (membrane) the space rotates at the light speed, and all particles move at as well the light speed. So, the predicted particles of the neutrally mass-charged class should seem as light-like vortices.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[5] viXra:1003.0015 [pdf] submitted on 6 Mar 2010

What Gravity Is. Some Recent Considerations

Authors: V. Christianto, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 5 pages

It is well-known, that when it comes to discussions among physicists concerning the meaning and nature of gravitation, the room temperature can be so hot. Therefore, for the sake of clarity, it seems worth that all choices were put on a table, and we consider each choice's features and problems. The present article describes a nonexhaustive list of such gravitation theories for the purpose of inviting further and more clear discussions.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[4] viXra:1003.0014 [pdf] submitted on 6 Mar 2010

A Few Remarks on "The Length of Day: A Cosmological Perspective"

Authors: V. Christianto, Matti Pitkänen, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 2 pages

An interesting hypothesis concerning the varying length of day has been formulated in this edition, proposed by A.I. Arbab, based on a proposition of varying gravitational constant, G. The main ideas are pointed out, and alternative frameworks are also discussed in particular with respect to the present common beliefs in astrophysics. Further observation is of course recommended in order to refute or verify this proposition.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[3] viXra:1003.0006 [pdf] submitted on 4 Mar 2010

Deceleration Parameter Q(Z) in Five Dimensional Geometries, and Does a re Appearance of Quinessence φ(t) Play a Role in an Increase in Cosmological Acceleration at Z ~. 423?

Authors: Andrew Beckwith
Comments: Essay written for the Gravity Research Foundation 2010 Awards for Essays on Gravitation, Submitted March 4th, 2010

The case for a four dimensional graviton mass (non zero) influencing reacceleration of the universe in five dimensions is stated, with particular emphasis upon if five dimensional geometries as given below give us new physical insight as to cosmological evolution. A calculated inflaton φ(t) may partly re-emerge after fading out in the aftermath of inflation. The inflaton may contribute to, with non zero graviton mass, in re acceleration of the universe a billion years ago. The inflaton also may be the source of re acceleration of the universe, especially if the effects of a re emergent inflaton are in tandem with the appearance of macro effects of a small graviton mass, leading to a speed up of the rate of expansion of the universe at red shit value of Z ~ .423
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[2] viXra:1003.0002 [pdf] submitted on 3 Mar 2010

Gauss Planetary Equations in a Non-Singular Gravitational Potential

Authors: Ioannis Iraklis Haranas, Michael Harney
Comments: 6 pages, Submitted to the Journal of Gravitational Physics, p.6

We study the effects of a non-singular gravitational potential on satellite orbits by calculating the corresponding changes of its orbital elements, using Gauss' planetary equations. We derive two non-zero expressions for the changes of the argument of the perigee and the mean anomaly, and we compare them to those of the general relativity. Using the GRACE satellite system, we obtain numerical results from which we conclude that the effect of such a potential, on the perigee cannot be separated from that of general relativity. Furthermore, we conclude that the effect on the mean anomaly can probably be observed by today's technology.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[1] viXra:1003.0001 [pdf] submitted on 1 Mar 2010

Deceleration Parameter Q(Z) in Five Dimensional Geometries, and to What Degree a Partial re Appearance of Quinessence φ(t) May Play a Role in an Increase in Cosmological Acceleration at Z ~ .423

Authors: Andrew Beckwith
Comments: 10 pages, two figures. Source document for presentation to be made in Xian, PRC, March 23, at PIERS http://piers.mit.edu/piers2010xian/. Main contribution is reconciliation of re appearance of inllaton as generator of entropy with graviton count, a la. Y. Ng's 2008 result, with increase in q(z) increase in rate of acceleration of the universe one billion years ago.

The case for a four dimensional graviton mass (non zero) influencing reacceleration of the universe in five dimensions is stated, with particular emphasis upon if five dimensional geometries as given below give us new physical insight as to cosmological evolution. One noticeable datum, that a calculated inflaton φ(t) may partly re-emerge after fading out in the aftermath of inflation. The inflaton may be a contributing factor to, with non zero graviton mass, in re acceleration of the universe a billion years ago. Many theorists assume that the inflaton is the source of entropy. The inflaton also may be the source of re acceleration of the universe, especially if the effects of a re emergent inflaton are in tandem with the appearance of macro effects of a small graviton mass, leading to a speed up of the rate of expansion of the universe one billion years ago, at red shift value of Z ~ .423
Category: Relativity and Cosmology