# Mathematical Physics

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## Recent submissions

Any replacements are listed farther down

[809] viXra:1811.0036 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-02 10:41:52

### Incompatibility of the Dirac-Like Field Operators with the Majorana Anzatzen

Authors: Valeriy V. Dvoeglazov
Comments: 19 Pages. Extended version of viXra:1809.0241 to include spin 1.

In the present article we investigate the spin-1/2 and spin-1 cases in different bases. Next, we look for relations with the Majorana-like field operator. We show explicitly incompatibility of the Majorana anzatzen with the Dirac-like field operators in both the original Majorana theory and its generalizations. Several explicit examples are presented for higher spins too. It seems that the calculations in the helicity basis give mathematically and physically reasonable results only.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[808] viXra:1810.0502 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-30 18:06:51

### Short Note on Unification of Field Equations and Probability

Authors: Mesut Kavak

Is math in harmony with existence? Is it possible to calculate any property of existence over math? Is exact proof of something possible without pre-acceptance of some physical properties? This work is realized to analysis these arguments somehow as simple as possible over short cuts, and it came up with some compatible results finally. It seems that both free space and moving bodies in this space are dependent on the same rule as there is no alternative, and the rule is determined by mathematics
Category: Mathematical Physics

[807] viXra:1810.0467 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-29 02:08:45

### The Imaginary Norm

Authors: Jan Makopa

It is known that the direction of rotation of a position vector in Polar Coordinates is not continuous for angles ʘ = π(a + 1/2). The fallacy has algebraic origins and as a increases, the direction of the position vector at ʘ is oscillating between two opposite discontinuous points we shall call Norms . The pertinent Literature can be argued, as has been done by others in the past that – the direction of a position vector at ʘ cannot be real thence must carry an imaginary component also to justify the occurrence of discontinuities along the Polar plane. To understand how Norms oscillate, we propose the “Norm Wave Function” whose exposition we give herein is based on the geometric expansion of Norms. The once speculative Mohammed Abubakr- proposition on Calpanic Numbers, can now find full justification as a fully-fledged proposition. At the end of it all our contribution in the present work – if any; is that we demonstrate that the hypothetical Norm proposed herein, is imaginary and Norms carry unique properties that may have the potential for strong application in Quantum Theory of the Spinning Photon. This current text is part one of two. This text is a proposition of a Norm Wave Function and it discusses the philosophy behind the discontinuities of rotations while part two will apply the formulation in Quantum Mechanics of Spinning Photons.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[806] viXra:1810.0458 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-27 13:21:47

### Methods for Derivation of Generalized Equations in the (S,0)+(0,S) Representations of the Lorentz Group

Authors: Valeriy V. Dvoeglazov
Comments: 13 Pages. Some parts of this paper have been presented at the XI Escuela de DGFM SMF, Dec. 5-9, 2016, Playa del Carmen, QRoo, M\'exico, the IARD2018, June 4-7, 2018, M\'erida, Yuc., M\'exico and the MG15 Meeting, July 1-7, Rome, Italy.

We continue the discussion of several explicit examples of generalizations in relativistic quantum mechanics. We discussed the generalized spin-1/2 equations for neutrinos and the spin-1 equations for photon. The equations obtained by means of the Gersten-Sakurai method and those of Weinberg for spin-1 particles have been mentioned. Thus, we generalized the Maxwell and Weyl equations. Particularly, we found connections of the well-known solutions and the dark 4-spinors in the Ahluwalia-Grumiller elko model. They are also not the eigenstates of the chirality and helicity. The equations may lead to the dynamics which are different from those accepted at the present time. For instance, the photon may have non-transverse components and the neutrino may be {\it not} in the energy states and in the chirality states. The second-order equations have been considered too. They have been obtained by the Ryder method.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[805] viXra:1810.0435 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-25 06:20:51

### Yang-Mills Theory is the Typical Form of Torsion Tensor

Authors: Wan-Chung Hu

In the single page of this article, I stated that Yang-Mills theory (the foundation of standard model) is actually the typical form of torsion tensor. Since electromagnetic field is also the torsion tensor without the [x,y] part. We can easily unite strong force field, weak force field, and electromagnetic field by integrating these torsion tensors. This provides the proof of Yang-Mills theory existence. And, I also solved Yang-Mills mass gap problem in strong interaction in my previous study. Thus, the grand unified theories can be finished.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[804] viXra:1810.0403 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-25 02:40:01

### The Formulation Of Thermodynamical Path Integral

Authors: Takahiro Kajisa

In a non-equilibrium thermodynamical physics, there has been al- most no universal theory for representing the far from equilibrium sys- tems. In this work, I formulated the thermodynamical path integral from macroscopic view, using the analogy of optimal transport and large deviations to calculate the non-equilibrium indicators quantita- tively. As a result, I derived Jarzynski equality, fluctuation theorem, and second law of thermodynamics as its corollaries of this formula. In addition, the latter result implies the connection between non- equilibrium thermodynamics and Riemannian geometry via entropic flow.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[803] viXra:1810.0386 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-23 12:05:16

### New Universe Model, Evidence and Future.

Authors: Dan Visser

In this article an overview-abstract is given about a new universe model according to a series articles by the author, wherein he describes step by step in rather easy mathematics and not affiliated to the university-world, how he came to his new cosmological model. The overview-abstract contains an amount of subjects being found important for a better understanding of his new model in addition to his former articles. His articles are hosted in the viXra-archive in the UK and free to read. The new universe model is called RTHU instead of Big Bang. The main issue is that the RTHU generates the Big Bang-universe, although at the same time the RTHU also contains a lot of other Big Bang-universes shifted relative to each other, however all generated by the RTHU. The generator is the rotation of the RTHU, which has no beginning of time, but uses duo-bits to crumble the Planck-scale. The RTHU therefore is much bigger than a single self-supporting Big Bang-universe. The total new dynamics give other insights in unsolved problems, but make it possible to understand several phenomena better than solving them just only in a single Big Bang-universe. The author pleads for physics and cosmology in the token of the RTHU. Therefore evidence is available, which has been already presented in several of his articles. Moreover it will pinpoint the future for cosmology in a better way. He describes a new perception of time and future. The author also launches a new insight, based on his new cosmological model, which not has been earlier being involved in the problems around climate-change.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[802] viXra:1810.0300 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-20 04:55:25

### Topological Transformation of Quantum Dynamics

Authors: Vu B Ho

In this work we discuss the topological transformation of quantum dynamics by showing the wave dynamics of a quantum particle on different types of topological structures in various dimensions from the fundamental polygons of the corresponding universal covering spaces. This is not the view from different perspectives of an observer who simply uses different coordinate systems to describe the same physical phenomenon but rather possible geometric and topological structures that quantum particles are endowed with when they are identified with differentiable manifolds that are embedded or immersed in Euclidean spaces of higher dimension. A rigorous approach would be a complete formulation of wave dynamics on two and three-dimensional geometries that are classified according to the uniformisation theorem of Riemannian surfaces and the Thurston geometrisation conjecture on three-dimensional differentiable manifolds. However, for the purpose of physical illustration, we will follow a modest approach in which we will present our discussions in the form of Bohr model in one, two and three dimensions using linear wave equations. In one dimension, the fundamental polygon is an interval and the universal covering space is the straight line and in this case the standing wave on a finite string is transformed into the standing wave on a circle which can be applied into the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom. The wave dynamics on a circle can also be described in terms of projective elliptic geometry. Since a circle is a 1-sphere which is also a 1-torus therefore the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom can also be viewed as a standing wave on a 1-torus. In two dimensions, the fundamental polygon is a square and the universal covering space is the plane and in this case the standing wave on the square is transformed into the standing wave on different surfaces that can be formed by gluing opposite sides of the square, which include a 2-sphere, a 2-torus, a Klein bottle and a projective plane. In particular, we show that when the wave dynamics on a projective plane is described in terms of projective elliptic geometry then it is identical to the wave dynamics on a 2-sphere. In three dimensions, the fundamental polygon is a cube and the universal covering space is the three-dimensional Euclidean space. It is shown that a 3-torus and the manifold K×S^1 defined as the product of a Klein bottle and a circle can be constructed by gluing opposite faces of a cube therefore in three-dimensions the standing wave on a cube is transformed into the standing wave on a 3-torus or on the manifold K×S^1. We also discuss a transformation of a stationary wave on the fundamental cube into a stationary wave on a 3-sphere despite it still remains unknown whether a 3-sphere can be constructed directly from a cube by gluing its opposite faces. In spite of this uncertainty, however, we speculate that mathematical degeneracy in which an element of a class of objects degenerates into an element of a different but simpler class may play an important role in quantum dynamics. For example, a 2-sphere is a degenerate 2-torus when the axis of revolution passes through the centre of the generating circle. Therefore, it seems reasonable to assume that if an n-torus degenerates into an n-sphere then wavefunctions on an n-torus may also be degenerated into wavefunctions on an n-sphere. Furthermore, since an n-sphere can degenerate itself into a single point, therefore the mathematical degeneracy may be related to the concept of wavefunction collapse in quantum mechanics where the classical observables such as position and momentum can only be obtained from the collapse of the associated wavefunctions for physical measurements. This consideration suggests that quantum particles associated with differentiable manifolds may possess the more stable mathematical structures of an n-torus rather than those of an n-sphere.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[801] viXra:1810.0274 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-17 13:33:42

### Universe is a Solid Elastic Continuum.

Authors: Alexander I.Dubinyansky, Pavel Churlyaev.

The universe is a solid elastic continuum - gukuum. This continuum does not contain any numerical parameters or constraints. All visible and invisible objects of the universe, from large to small, are wave objects in this continuum. All the wave objects in the gukuum are described by the letter specification of the elasticity parameters of the solid body and the three-dimensional wave equation. The nonlinearity that exists in the universe is explained by the law of "winding the linear solution on itself." As a result of such winding, or layering, the linear solution becomes non-linear and creates the entire variety of the material world.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[800] viXra:1810.0263 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-16 07:43:15

### Semistable Holomorphic Bundles Over Compact bi-Hermitian Manifolds

Authors: Pan Zhang

In this paper, by using Uhlenbeck-Yau's continuity method, we prove that the existence of approximation $\alpha$-Hermitian-Einstein strusture and the $\alpha$-semi-stability on $I_{\pm}$-holomorphic bundles over compact bi-Hermitian manifolds are equivalent.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[799] viXra:1810.0181 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-11 16:51:13

### The Task of the Panrelativistic Discrete Wave Mechanics

Authors: I. M. Saharov, G. I. Saharov

The paper presents a mathematical study of sub-nuclear particles (nucleons) by a singular mathematical structure, which is a unique compatibility of singular integers with their binding functions, demonstrating the connection of the transcendent and integer, continuous and discrete. The four-dimensional space-time was tested to find the original effective unit, the coefficients of the dominant angles and the main singular number. Representation of a particle as a spatial wave objects (rotating waves) made it possible to find geometric and numeric expressions to their relative mass in units of electron mass with a precision within the limits of the uncertainty principle. Submitted to the consideration of the law effective wave of the relationships governing the stability of subnuclear particles. An approximate expression of the ratio of the magnetic moments of nucleons in vector form based on the ratio of the functions of dominant angles is shown.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[798] viXra:1810.0157 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-10 07:45:13

### Dirichlet Problem for Hermitian-Einstein Equations Over bi-Hermitian Manifolds

Authors: Pan Zhang

In this paper, we solve the Dirichlet problem for $\alpha$-Hermitian-Einstein equations on $I_{\pm}$-holomorphic bundles over bi-Hermitian manifolds. As a corollary, we obtain an analogue result about generalized holomorphic bundles on generalized K\"{a}hler manifolds.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[797] viXra:1810.0146 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-09 10:40:20

### A New Solution to the Linear Harmonic Oscillator Equation

Authors: Yélomè J. F. Kpomahou, Damien K. K. Adjaï, J. Akande, Marc D. Monsia

It is well known that amplitude-dependent frequency features only nonlinear dynamical systems. This paper shows that, however, within the framework of the theory of nonlinear differential equations introduced recently by the authors of this work, such a property may also characterize the linear harmonic oscillator equation. In doing so it has been found as another major result that the linear harmonic oscillator is nothing but the nonlocal transformation of equation of the free particle motion under constant forcing function.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[796] viXra:1810.0116 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-07 08:50:44

### Identity Featuring Gamma Function: Ramanujan's Integration

Authors: Amit Kumar Jha

In this short 3 page Pdf I am giving you method to prove Ramanujan's identity
Category: Mathematical Physics

[795] viXra:1809.0599 [pdf] submitted on 2018-09-30 10:53:19

### The Mathematical Principles of the Scale Relativity Physics I. History and Physics

Authors: Nicolae Mazilu, Maricel Agop

Even though a physical theory, the Scale Relativity Theory (SRT) means more than physics, as its creator noticed himself. In fact it targets the very foundation of the entire positive knowledge, and we are set here to prove this fact. Mathematically one needs the description of a transition between infrafinite, finite and transfinite orders, while physically one needs a transition between microcosmos, daily world (quotidian cosmos) and universe. With SRT the mathematical categories of infrafinite, finite and transfinite, become differentias of the same general concept of ‘finite’. As it turns out, there is a parallelism of the physical transition between the worlds and the mathematical transition between degrees of ‘finite’: it is followed here historically and logically, in a first part of the present work, with the benefit of extracting the mathematical principles of a physical description of matter.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[794] viXra:1809.0450 [pdf] submitted on 2018-09-20 16:03:08

### How Gas and Force Work Together to Create Geometrical Dispersed Patterns Based On an Object's Shape

Authors: Andrew Dente

This unique mathematical method for understanding the flow of gas through each individual objects shape will show us how we can produce physical functions for each object based on the dissemination of gas particles in accordance to its shape. We analyze its continuum per shape of the object and the forces acting on the gas which in return produces its own unique function for the given object due to the rate at which forces were applied to the gas. We also get to examine the different changes in the working rate due to the effect of its volume and mass from the given objects shape with our working equation discovered through green’s and gaussian functions.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[793] viXra:1809.0249 [pdf] submitted on 2018-09-11 06:07:48

### A Classification of Quantum Particles

Authors: Vu B Ho

In this work, by summarising our recent works on the differential geometric and topological structures of quantum particles and spacetime manifold, we discuss the possibility to classify quantum particles according to their intrinsic geometric structures associated with differentiable manifolds that are solutions to wave equations of two and three dimensions. We show that fermions of half-integer spin can be identified with differentiable manifolds which are solutions to a general two-dimensional wave equation, in particular, a two-dimensional wave equation that can be derived from Dirac equation. On the other hand, bosons of integer spin can be identified with differentiable manifolds which are solutions to a general three-dimensional wave equation, in particular, a three-dimensional wave equation that can be derived from Maxwell field equations of electromagnetism. We also discuss the possibility that being restricted to three-dimensional spatial dimensions we may not be able to observe the whole geometric structure of a quantum particle but rather only the cross-section of the manifold that represents the quantum particle and the space in which we are confined. Even though not in the same context, such view of physical existence may comply with the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics which states that the properties of a physical system are not definite but can only be determined by observations.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[792] viXra:1809.0244 [pdf] submitted on 2018-09-11 11:49:24

### CFD Study of Pikes Peak Race Car 2017

Authors: Timoteo Briet Blanes

CFD STUDY OF PIKES PEAK RACE CAR 2017.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[791] viXra:1809.0232 [pdf] submitted on 2018-09-12 01:58:30

### Electron Capture: a More Complete Equation

Authors: Antonio Puccini

The Electron Capture(EC) is a peculiar phenomenon that unstable atoms can use to become more stable. During EC, an electron(e) in an atom's inner shell is drawn into the nucleus where it combines with a proton(P), forming a neutron(N) and a neutrino(): P + e  N + (1). Electrons are usually captured from the inner K layer, leaving 'holes' process or Auger’s es. Such a capture may also leave the nucleus in an excited state, causing it to release γ rays. This emission of highly energetic electro-magnetic radiation(EMR), generally originates the production of pairs of light particles: γ  e + e+(2), or:γ   + ῡ(3), where ῡ is an anti-neutrino. Yet, if this phenomenon of materialization of the EMR that accompanies the EC, manifesting in the production of lepton pairs(described in this case by the Eq.3), was represented in the equation describing the EC, we could better justify that  appeared ex abrupto in Eq.(1). Therefore, taking into account also the EMR(γ) emitted at the time of the EC, and inserting it in Eq.(1) on the side of the captured e, we have: P + e + γ  P + e + ῡe.+ e  N + e(4), that is:P + e + ῡe.+ e ↔ N + e(5). However, as the e mass is considered  2eV, Eq,(1) and (5) show a conspicuous mass gap problem, since according to Pauli and Fermi the  proposed to compensate for the mass gap of the N decay must have the same mass of e. Unless one wishes to hypothesize the existence of the neutral electron(e°). In this case, Eq.(5) should be rewritten as follows: P + e + ē° + e° ↔ N + e°(6).
Category: Mathematical Physics

[790] viXra:1809.0192 [pdf] submitted on 2018-09-11 02:27:48

### On the Influence of Transient Aerodynamic Heave Vibrations on Racing Car Suspension Parameters: Aero Post Rig in a Quarter Car Test

Authors: Timoteo Briet Blanes

Vehicles running at high speed are greatly influenced by their aerodynamic profile. Racing car teams strive to tune the setup seeking higher levels of downforce aerodynamic load. Wind tunnel tests or track data for specific vehicle positions are useful but incomplete and very expensive. Transient loads on the vehicle come from very different sources and, to date, there is no established methodology to take them into consideration. Computer simulation seems to be a good starting point to study the effect of transient aerodynamic loads in the design and optimization of the tuning of the suspension of a racing car. This paper studies the effect of transient aerodynamic loads on the downforce of a vehicle. Heave vibrations on an aileron are analyzed on a simulation model. The data obtained in this simulation model are validated both in a steady and a transient state for different frequencies (1-800Hz). These results lead to the obtainment of a transfer function for the downforce on the aileron in question. Finally, a new quarter car model including aerodynamic effects from these studies is presented and some results on the influence of heave transient aerodynamics loads on a racing car are obtained.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[789] viXra:1809.0191 [pdf] submitted on 2018-09-11 02:30:13

### Improving Suspension in a Quarter Car Model Test from Aero Post Rig Analysis: Performance Index

Authors: Timoteo Briet Blanes

The performance of an F1 race car is greatly influenced by its aerodynamics. Race teams try to improve the vehicle performance by aiming for more levels of downforce. A huge amount of time is spent in wind tunnel and track testing. Typical wind tunnel testing is carried out in steady aerodynamic conditions and with car static configurations. However, the ride heights of a car are continuously changing in a race track because of many factors. These are, for example, the roughness and undulations of the track, braking, accelerations, direction changes, aerodynamic load variations due to varying air speed and others. These factors may induce movements on suspensions components (sprung and unsprung masses) at different frequencies and may cause aerodynamic fluctuations that vary tires grip. When the frequency of the movement of a race car is high enough the steady aerodynamic condition and the car static configurations are not fulfilled. Then, transient effects appear and the dynamics of the system changes: heave, pitch and roll transient movements of the sprung mass affect both downforce and center of pressure position. The suspension system have to cope with them, but in order for the suspension to be effective, unsteady aerodynamics must be considered. The main objective is to model the effects of unsteady aerodynamics and know really the car dynamic, with the aim of optimizing the suspension performance, improving tire grip and finally reducing lap times.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[788] viXra:1809.0088 [pdf] submitted on 2018-09-04 13:57:14

### Smooth Unique Periodic Solutions in the Absence of External Force for Navier_stokes Three Dimensional Equation

Authors: Biruk Alemayehu Petros
Comments: 3 Pages. millenium prize problem counter example.

Abstract Due to the existence of huge number of different information on Navier_Stokes equation on internet, introduction and method used to come to the following solution is less important than the solution its self. As a result the paper shows the periodic solution for Navier_Stokes equations. All conditions for physically reasonable solution as posted by clay mathematics institute is fulfilled. The following solution is counter example for existence of smooth unique periodic solution.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[787] viXra:1809.0069 [pdf] submitted on 2018-09-05 07:50:31

### PT-Symmetric Sextic Oscillators Resulting from Real Quotient Polynomials

Authors: Spiros Konstantogiannis

We present a method of constructing complex PT-symmetric sextic oscillators using quotient polynomials and we apply it to derive complex oscillators from real quotient polynomials.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[786] viXra:1809.0061 [pdf] submitted on 2018-09-03 13:36:10

### Physically Consistent Probability Density in Noncommutative Quantum Mechanics

Authors: Andrey Gomes Martins, R.V. Lobato, G.A. Carvalho, A.P.N. Cronemberger

We formulate and solve the problem of boundary values in non-relativistic quantum mechanics in non-commutative boundary spaces-times. The formalism developed can be useful to the formulation of the boundary value problem in in Noncommutative Quantum Mechanics
Category: Mathematical Physics

[785] viXra:1809.0052 [pdf] submitted on 2018-09-04 01:22:36

### Gravitational Periodicity from Special Relativity

Authors: Jack Bidnik

Abstract © US 2015 Gravitational Periodicity from Special Relativity by Jack Bidnik This is my derivation of the sinusoidal variation of planetary orbits by means of relativistic relative momentum of two masses. It may be considered Chapter 3 of my paper Gravitational Forces Revisited (GFR),  http://vixra.org/abs/1707.0128 where I derived a force, Fm, which I analogized to Newton's force of gravity by the equation Fm = Gs Mm /r^2, where Gs is a velocity dependent variable. Here I derive the same force, but I use a separate method to show that it is the force of gravity. This chapter can be seen as a completely independent, stand alone, method of deriving gravity from Special Relativity, and that Fm is both a necessary and a sufficient condition for the gravitational force.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[784] viXra:1808.0677 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-31 15:39:49

### Algebraische Feldtheorie

Authors: Robert H Ihde
Comments: 22 Pages. a pure math & therefore fringe theory for Digital or IT Physics

All quantum algebras are algebras over a field or K-algebras with a binary operation, which are defined as constant invariants over the Poincaré group. The Christoffel symbols in the classical geodesic equation can also be understood as a representation of a K algebra. In contrary to the constant algebras of quantum theory, the K-algebra of the Christoffel symbols is a function of space-time. A mathematical, conformal union of geometry and algebra requires a corresponding dependence on space-time for quantum algebras. Assuming the existence of an algebraic field, based on a changing binary operation and coupled back to the domain, a quantum mechanical vacuum equation for gravity can be established. The vacuum equation follows structurally a generalized, pseudo-linear Dirac-Maxwell system with additional algebraic constraints. A physical existence of the algebraic field, as a counterpart to the geometric field of gravity, can in principle be falsified by the experiment. The proportion of the spin in the magnetic moment of a particle would then depend on its acceleration, since the algebraic field should influence the spin algebra accordingly.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[783] viXra:1808.0607 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-27 11:21:23

### Spheroid Theory of Everything

Authors: Guy Abitbol

A full rational explanation of all the properties of the universe by 3 postulates (time, space, thin spheroid). This theory explains that charge is just a result of rotational motion, much as the temperature is just a result of translational motion. It explains why the speed of light is constant, what exactly are the elementary particle spins and why they have such strange properties and how entanglement form, how we can explain the huge red shift in CMB without stretching space. On the hearth of this theory lay a mathematical discovery that state that oppositely rotated spheroids attract and same rotated spheroids repel each other in an imaginary universe that contains many even thinner spheroids that translate in all directions without rotating.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[782] viXra:1808.0586 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-26 01:36:06

### Quantum Particles as 3D Differentiable Manifolds

Authors: Vu B Ho

As shown in our work on spacetime structures of quantum particles, Schrödinger wavefunctions in quantum mechanics can be utilised to construct the geometric structures of quantum particles which are considered to be three-dimensional differentiable manifolds. In this work we will extend this kind of geometric formulation of quantum particles by showing that wavefunctions that are normally used to describe wave phenomena in classical physics can in fact also be utilised to represent three-dimensional differentiable manifolds which in turns are identified with quantum particles. We show that such identification can be achieved by using a three-dimensional wave equation to construct three-dimensional differentiable manifolds that are embedded in a four-dimensional Euclidean space. In particular, the dual character that is resulted from the identification of a wavefunction with a three-dimensional differentiable manifold may provide a classical basis to interpret the wave-particle duality in quantum mechanics.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[781] viXra:1808.0579 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-26 04:54:21

### Quantum Origin of Classical Poisson Distribution Universality

Authors: Peter Cameron

Scientists have discovered a mysterious pattern that somehow connects a bus system in Mexico and chicken eyes to quantum physics and number theory. The observed universality reveals properties for a large class of systems that are independent of the dynamical details, revealing underlying mathematical connections described by the classical Poisson distribution. This note suggests that their origin can be found in the wavefunction as modeled by the geometric interpreation of Clifford algebra.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[780] viXra:1808.0572 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-26 13:25:18

### On a Singular Kamke Equation Equivalent to Linear Harmonic Oscillator

Authors: M. Nonti, A. V. Yehossou, J; Akande, M. D. Monsia

This paper investigates analytical properties of a singular Kamke second order equation consisting of a generalization of Kamke equation 6.110 and Kamke equation 6.111. It is shown that this equation belongs to the class of quadratic Liénard type equations closely related to the linear harmonic oscillator and introduced recently by some authors of this work. In this way, exact Kamke solutions are recovered. The connection between this equations and the linear harmonic oscillator shows its possible use in mechanical vibrations study and quantum mechanics.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[779] viXra:1808.0525 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 06:01:54

### Navier-Stokes Three Dimensional Equations General Periodic Solutions for a given Periodic Initial Velocity Vector Field for Incompressible Fluid with Positive Viscosity

Authors: Biruk Alemayehu Petros
Comments: 6 Pages. millenium prize problem counter example

The existence of smooth periodic solutions for Navier-Stokes three dimensional equations for a given periodic initial velocity vector field with positive viscosity is proved. The equation is solved by considering Fourier series representation of periodic initial velocity vector fields and predicting the velocity vector field at all times. The solution discovered here can also be used as counter example for clay mathematics millennium prize problem.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[778] viXra:1808.0521 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 09:49:34

### Developing a New Space over Deterministic Imaginary Time

Authors: Mesut Kavak

In a day from days, when the famous x is lengthened to x_2 and lost its virginity... Hey-o! Here comes the danger up in this club again. Listen up! Here's the story about a little guy, that lives in a dark world and uses power of wisdom as a torch to find way in darkness; and all day and all night and everything he sees is just illusion. I have been working about the laws of existence for a time. I developed new formulas which were based on a strong mechanism over philosophical hypotheses. Nobody can answer easily; but I thought many times better mathematical infrastructure. Actually at the beginning, I noticed, that a fixed observer does observation of moving bodies being the bodies do a circular motion because of emerging and changing angles over time even if the objects move parallel manner relatively to the observer at that time . This would not happen accidentally even if abstract math says, nothing is going to change. Eureka! Finally while I was in a cafe today, I remembered and developed in a few hours a new method on some note papers which I demanded from cafe to explain existence, and thereupon I asked to my friends for leave, and I am writing towards morning in the name of giving a shoulder to the tired giants. The ancients smile on me!
Category: Mathematical Physics

[777] viXra:1808.0513 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 17:47:20

### Exposition of Various Potential Research Topics

Authors: Peter Bissonnet

The intent of this paper is to present hopefully new and fruitful topic areas for current and future research. 1. Is dark matter and dark energy really caused by strange new particles or something else? 2. Normal surface geometry in differential geometry is built upon what is called the Symmetric Coefficient of the Second Fundamental Form. Is there such a thing as the Asymmetric Coefficient of the Second Fundamental Form? 3. Is it possible to have one equation which will give the basic intrinsic spin values? 4. Is it possible to derive a generalized transport flux using the Fokker-Planck equation? 5. Does the weak interaction harbor a powerful energy source? 6. Could the predicted fading of the earth’s magnetic field lead to another ice age? What really is lightning?
Category: Mathematical Physics

[776] viXra:1808.0378 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-20 10:31:26

### Mnozenje Vektora I Struktura 3D Euklidskog Prostora_Erratum

Authors: Miroslav Josipović

Error on page 48.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[775] viXra:1808.0377 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-20 10:32:26

### Multiplication of Vectors and Structure of 3D Euclidean Space_Erratum

Authors: Miroslav Josipović

Error on the page 49.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[774] viXra:1808.0181 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-15 01:42:17

### Turbulence in Fluid Flow Analyzed Simply

Authors: A. A. Frempong

The fluid flow in the Navier-Stokes solution may be characterized as follows. The x-direction solution consists of linear, parabolic, and hyperbolic terms. The first three terms characterize polynomial parabolas. The characteristic curve for the integral of the x-nonlinear term is a radical parabola. The integral of the y-nonlinear term is similar parabolically to that of the x-nonlinear term. The integral of the z-nonlinear term is a combination of two radical parabolas and a hyperbola. The polynomial parabolas alone produce laminar flow. It is illustrated that the polynomial parabolas, the radical parabolas and the hyperbola branches working together produce turbulence, rotation, swirling, and chaos
Category: Mathematical Physics

[773] viXra:1808.0144 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-12 06:03:49

### On the Geometric Structure of the Spatiotemporal Manifold

Authors: Vu B Ho

In this work we will discuss the geometric structure of the spatiotemporal manifold which appears apparently as a multiverse whose intrinsic geometric structures will be shown to be resulted from geometric interactions between space and time. The geometric and topological structures of the total spatiotemporal manifold are formed from the geometric interactions of the decomposed cells from the base space of the total spatiotemporal manifold which is considered as a fiber bundle. In particular we will discuss in details spacetime which has the mathematical structure of a 6-sphere bundle in which the dynamics of the fibers is resulted from the geometric interactions of different types of decomposed cells that give rise to various relationships between space and time. We also show that the concept of the spatiotemporal manifold being viewed as a multiverse endowed with the structure of a CW complex was in fact suggested by Newton himself in his book Opticks. In Newton’s multiverse, the expansion of space can be seen as a geometric evolution which redistributes to smooth out irregularities of the spatiotemporal manifold.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[772] viXra:1808.0107 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-08 11:39:58

### Mapping the Fourfold H4 600-Cells Emerging from E8: a Mathematical and Visual Study

Authors: J Gregory Moxness

It is widely known that the E8 polytope can be folded into two Golden Ratio (Phi) scaled copies of the 4 dimensional (4D) 120 vertex 720 edge H4 600-cell. While folding an 8D object into a 4D one is done by applying the dot product of each vertex to a 4x8 folding matrix, we use an 8x8 rotation matrix to produce four 4D copies of H4 600-cells, with the original two left side scaled 4D copies related to the two right side 4D copies in a very specific way. This paper will describe and visualize in detail the specific symmetry relationships which emerge from that rotation of E8 and the emergent fourfold copies of H4. It will also introduce a projection basis using the Icosahedron found within the 8x8 rotation matrix. It will complete the detail for constructing E8 from the 3D Platonic solids, Icosians, and the 4D H4 600-cell. Eight pairs of Phi scaled concentric Platonic solids are identified directly using the sorted and grouped 3D projected vertex norms present within E8.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[771] viXra:1808.0089 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-07 18:13:31

### Inertial Beam Thermonuclear AB Reactor

Authors: Alexander Bolonkin

Author offers a new impulse beam hole thermonuclear reactor. Reactor has the following features: one has a power high-current pulse ion accelerator using the thermonuclear fuel (for example, Deuterium) as ions. Accelerator focuses the ion beam into very small focus. The very small fuel capsule covered by shell from heavy and strong elements. The shell has a small hole for fuel beam from accelerator. The capsule contains a solid fuel (example, LiD). The theory and computation give conditions when will be ignition and developing the high intensity thermonuclear reaction. The suggested reactor is small, non-expensive and allows to make small engines.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[770] viXra:1808.0054 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-04 09:50:52

### Applying the Vector-Tensor-Scalar Relationship to the Higgs Boson and Perihelion Precession (Extending the Previous Submission to Bohr-Dom)

Authors: Rodney Bartlett
Comments: 7 Pages. CITE - https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.6934223.v1

The Danish physicist Niels Bohr is reported to have said last century, "Your theory is crazy, but it's not crazy enough to be true." This article reaches a final conclusion that is, in a word, crazy. But the conclusion appears to be inescapable if mathematics has any value. So maybe the article is crazy enough to be true. It speaks of an equivalence between quantum particles and macroscopic objects via the vector-tensor-scalar relationship. That relationship also proposes a supersymmetry between fermions and bosons, explaining the quantum spin of both. Then it addresses the subjects of other large-scale dimensions and negative energy (the masses in other dimensions would be an easy solution to the "dark matter" problem this dimension has). Finally, Archimedes and Kepler combine to show that the vector-tensor-scalar relationship can substitute Earth (when considered as a whole) for the Higgs boson and extend it into the infinite and eternal Unified Field of the Block Universe Albert Einstein believed in.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[769] viXra:1807.0495 [pdf] submitted on 2018-07-30 02:19:14

### Neutronization Equations

Authors: Antonio Puccini

With the neutronization protons(Ps) and electrons(es) fuse together to form neutrons(Ns) and release electronic neutrinos(e): e + P  N + e(1). This is possible because the electron in the neutronization equation is equipped with a very high energy, just provided by a collapsing star, or by a neutron star. In those extreme conditions electrons become relativistic, since they acquire a 200MeV energy, so as to fill the conspicuous energy gap between N and P. However, Eq.(1) appears incomplete because it does not explain the ex abrupto appearance of the e. One may wonder: how was it produced? As it is known matter and antimatter particles are always produced as a couple. Where is the antiparticle of e, i.e. the ῡe, not represented in Eq.(1)? In our opinion, Eq.(1) implies some intermediate steps not represented. A phenomenon associated with neutronization is photoannihilation, characterized by the materialization of the electromagnetic radiation(γ), with consequent production of pairs, such as: γ  ῡe + e(2). If we enter Eq.(2) in Eq.(1), we have: e+ P  e + P + γ  e + P + ῡe + e  N + e(3), that is:e + P + ῡe + e ↔ N + e(4), i.e.:e + P + ῡe ↔ N(5). From Eq.(5) it emerges that to N corresponds a compound of 3 particles, i.e. a multiplet:[e, P, ῡe]. This is in agreement with Spin Statistics, as well as with Quantum Mechanics, since the relativistic electron has an energy>140MeV. Furthermore, let's try to read Eq.(5) in reverse: N  e + P + ῡe(6). It is surprising: Eq.(6) shows exactly the decay products of N, corresponding precisely to the famous Fermi equation describing the N decay, providing a counter-test to Eq.(5)
Category: Mathematical Physics

[768] viXra:1807.0419 [pdf] submitted on 2018-07-24 18:54:44

### Spacetime Structures of Electromagnetic and Matter Waves

Authors: Vu B Ho

In this work we discuss the possibility to construct spacetime structures for electromagnetic and matter waves in which the universal speed in relativity plays a decisive role. Based on our recent works on physical interactions that are associated with the geometric and topological structures of the spatiotemporal manifold, we suggest that when the spatiotemporal manifold decomposes n-cells at each point on the manifold then it can be regarded as a fiber bundle where the base space is the spatiotemporal manifold and the fiber is the n-cells. We will discuss the case when the n-cells are n-spheres therefore the total spatiotemporal continuum will be regarded as an n-sphere bundle, in particular when n equals 6. We will show that the universal speed is the speed at which there is a conversion between the temporal and spatial submanifolds of the spatiotemporal manifold. Since in both Maxwell and Dirac fields there is a conversion between the temporal and spatial forms of matter and since temporal matter is assumed to be associated with the temporal submanifold of the spatiotemporal manifold and spatial matter with the spatial submanifold, therefore in order to describe the conversion of matter we need to formulate the corresponding conversion between the spatial and temporal submanifolds. As a result, the 6-sphere fibers form the required medium for the electromagnetic and matter waves. From the description of waves in terms of spacetime structures it is reasonable to state that both matter and electromagnetic waves are oscillations of the intrinsic geometric structures of the total spatiotemporal manifold.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[767] viXra:1807.0352 [pdf] submitted on 2018-07-21 03:08:38

### The Seiberg-Witten Equations Generalized

Authors: Antoine Balan
Comments: 2 pages, written in english

We show a generalization of the Seiberg-Witten equations for two spinors.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[766] viXra:1807.0290 [pdf] submitted on 2018-07-16 15:34:46

### The Gravity Primer

Authors: Hans Detlef Hüttenbach

It was shown in [1] that gravitational interaction can be expressed as an algebraic quadratic invariant form of energies. This allows the decomposition of the entire gravitational system into the sum of squares of energies of its composing particles. Still then, we ran into serious problems, when it came to figure out the Hamiltonian and calculate the total energy of the system from that. (Equivalently put, the algebraic invariant above is not a Hamiltonian one.) The problem is: What goes wrong? This is what this article is about, and the answer is very simple.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[765] viXra:1807.0134 [pdf] submitted on 2018-07-07 02:22:40

### Temporal Geometric Interactions

Authors: Vu B Ho

In this work we extend our discussions on the possibility to classify geometric interactions to temporal manifolds according to the dimensions of decomposed submanifolds n-cells. A temporal manifold is a differentiable manifold which is accompanied a spatial manifold to form a spatiotemporal manifold which represents an elementary particle and can be assumed to have the mathematical structure of a CW complex. As in the case of spatial manifolds, a temporal differentiable manifold can also be assumed to decompose n-cells. The decomposed temporal n-cells will also be identified with force carriers for physical interactions. For the case of temporal differentiable manifolds of dimension three, there are also four different types of geometric interactions associated with 0-cells, 1-cells, 2-cells and 3-cells. We also discuss the possible dynamics from these geometric interactions in terms of Newtonian spatiotemporal mechanics. In particular we show that, unlike spatial manifolds in which the contact forces that are associated with the decomposition of 0-cells would render mass points to join to form elementary particles, the forces that are associated with the decomposition of temporal 0-cells are short-lived therefore temporal matter cannot form stable physical objects as in the case of mass points in spatial continuum. We also discuss in more details the case of geometric interactions that are associated with the decomposition of 3-cells from a spatiotemporal differentiable manifold and show that the physical interactions that are associated with the evolution of the geometric processes can be formulated in terms of general relativity.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[764] viXra:1807.0094 [pdf] submitted on 2018-07-03 08:04:18

### Top-Secret: Emergent Big Bang-Universe.

Authors: Dan Visser

The Big Bang is not a stand-alone beginning of the universe that came to life with the beginning of time. Originally, or so to say more fundamental, the Big Bang-universe is emergent. The existence of the Big Bang-universe is due to a ‘Rotating Torus Hologram-Universe’ (RTHU). We actually live in a RTHU. What we observe as a stand-alone Big Bang is by residue the CMB, but in fact it is an information-field of the RTHU. This is the main result of my theoretical research wherein the cognition of the origin of the universe is extended to refined time and a subdivision of the quantum-unit. I call this new perception Double Torus Theory (DTT). More theoretical evidence shows the cause why matter is dominant over anti-matter, why virtual particles go in and out of vacuum, but most of all that the total CMB rotates with 29 km/h.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[763] viXra:1806.0381 [pdf] submitted on 2018-06-25 11:39:01

### The Physics of Nothingness

Authors: Alexander Balatsky

The paper claims that physical laws are amenable to consideration in terms of an algebraic pattern arising solely from the omega constant that underlies both a spatial limit of the universe, implying its scale invariance, and the fine structure constant that stands for changeability of the universe in time. Given that connection, we are able to deduce all fundamental physical quantities exclusively from the omega constant, which makes it possible to meet certain fundamental challenges faced by physics.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[762] viXra:1806.0334 [pdf] submitted on 2018-06-22 07:41:06

### Nonlinear Resonances Analysis of a RLC Series Circuit Modeled by a Modified Van der Pol Oscillator

Authors: Y.J F.Kpomahou, C. Midiwanou, R. G. Agbokpanzo, L. A. Hinvi, D.K.K. Adjaï

In this paper, the nonlinear resonances analysis of a RLC series circuit modeled by a modified Van der Pol oscillator is investigated. After establishing of a new general class of nonlinear ordinary differential equation, a forced Van der Pol oscillator subjected to an inertial nonlinearity is derived. From this equation the multiple scales method is used to find the various resonant states. As analytical results primary resonance, sub-harmonic resonance of order 1/3 and super-harmonic resonance of order 3 are obtained. The steady-state solutions and theirs stabilities are determined. Numerical simulations display bistability, hysteresis, jump and bifurcation phenomena. The effects of different parameters on the system behavior are investigated and results are presented graphically and discussed.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[761] viXra:1806.0331 [pdf] submitted on 2018-06-22 10:33:02

### The How Energy from Chaos Becomes ,the Spin of Monads ,their Energy – Stores , and Photons

Authors: Markos Georgallides

Present article allowed me to elucidate , the Essence , of what is said for Geometry and Physics . In geometry Point P , is nothing and is possessing Zero-magnitude and Infinite directions. In Material-Geometry , Point is the minimum-energy-cave ,r, in space possessing caves ,r, magnitude which is eternally existing from the internal-rotation ≡ motion , of any two Opposites [+ , - ] . Because of this , Material-point is a Quaternion measuring so much the caves , r, magnitude as well as the internal eternal-motion which is an oscillatory motion in , n , lobes . In geometry , two Points A,B consist the line-Segment , possessing the |AB| magnitude and AB direction. Euclidean-vector → |AB| , carries Point A to point B , possessing the |AB| magnitude and the two opposite directions → AB , BA ← respectively . Material-Quaternion or , monad |AB| = z = a + bi , carries motion from Material-point A , to Material point B , where this motion called Work ≡ Spin and is never annihilated . The non-annihilation of Work ≡ motion , is due to the fact that this happens in the finite –space , r , which is a Stationary-Wave pattern , and thus is the way of Transporting Energy . In E-Geometry Three Points A , B , P, consist the Plane ABP , i.e. the line AB and point P , not on AB and triangle ABP , which is the Basic-Ideal-Stable-Plane Shape in all states of universe, and for Material triangle is the analogous Regular Hexagon containing all properties of E-Geometry -triangle multiplied by two . In E-Geometry Four Points A , B , C , P, consist the Space ABCP , i.e. the Basic-Ideal-Stable and Solid-Shape which is the Tetrahedron , and is the Basic-Element for all structures as Compound-primary particles , Atoms , Molecules , Crystals , etc. N - Points A , B ,,, P,,, P_( N) , consist the Regular-N-Edges shape , ABPP_( N) , i.e. The Regular N - Edges - Polyhedrons , where points , P , P_( N) , do not coincide with the others and consist all Solid Structures. Any cave , r, containing Opposites Is a Material-Point, and into this cave exists an eternal rotation of the Positive to the Negative . This motion produces an angular-velocity-vector w, and an angular-momentum-vector , B, and the work produced is equal to 2W = w.B . Caves r , follow the Euclidean-Geometry of two points Quantization , from point zero which is nothing or the sum of two equals and opposite , to any number ,n, and to infinite. The eternal-rotation of Positive to Negative in energy-cave ,r, is proved to be , The eternal-motion which is equal to what is called The Energy from Chaos. The Spin is proved to be the above rotation on Great or on Small circles in cave , r , on the negative constituent , and is equal to the Angular-momentum-vector B of cave . Energy-storages is proved to be the n , Stationary and integer-Energy-lobes in cave , r , and which cave r , is a Stationary-wave becoming from the eternal-rotation of opposites. Photon is proved to be one of the Moving Energy-storages ,[Stationary-Energy-storage-Wave].
Category: Mathematical Physics

[760] viXra:1806.0319 [pdf] submitted on 2018-06-23 01:36:29

### On Dirac Negative Mass and Magnetic Monopole

Authors: Vu B Ho

In this work first we discuss the possibility of existence of Dirac negative mass and magnetic monopole by formulating Dirac and Maxwell equations from a symmetrical system of linear first order partial differential equations. Then, by establishing a complete symmetry between space and time, in particular their dual dynamics, we show that the existence of negative mass is the result of dynamical symmetry between space and time, and magnetic monopole is a manifestation of the temporal topological structure of an elementary particle classified by the homotopy group of closed surfaces. We also show that the quantum relationship between the electric charge and the magnetic charge obtained by Dirac can be derived by imposing a topological relationship between the Gaussian curvatures of the temporal and spatial manifolds.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[759] viXra:1806.0178 [pdf] submitted on 2018-06-12 05:32:04

### Further Discussions on Geometric Interactions

Authors: Vu B Ho

In this work we discuss further the geometric interactions resulted from the coupling of n-cells that are decomposed from CW complexes. As an illustration, we discuss whether a gravitational field can be considered as the result of a geometric and topological coupling of two decomposed sub-manifolds from CW complexes in terms of Gaussian curvatures of two-dimensional manifolds.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[758] viXra:1806.0139 [pdf] submitted on 2018-06-10 11:03:23

### An Intuitive Approach to the Coherent and Squeezed States of the Quantum Harmonic Oscillator

Authors: Spiros Konstantogiannis

The purpose of this work is to introduce, in a simple, intuitive way, the coherent and squeezed states of the quantum harmonic oscillator (QHO), through a series of exercises, which are solved in detail. Starting from the application of a spatial translation to the ground state of the QHO, we introduce the spatial and momentum translations, focusing on their application to the QHO, which leads us to the displacement operator. Next, we introduce the coherent states and examine their basic aspects. We then proceed to give a simple and purely intuitive introduction to the squeezed states and we conclude by identifying the coherent states as states of minimum energy expectation value compared to the respective squeezed states. The reader is assumed to have a basic knowledge of the postulates and the mathematical formalism of quantum mechanics, including the Dirac notation and the ladder operator method of the QHO.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[757] viXra:1806.0026 [pdf] submitted on 2018-06-03 13:30:41

### First Newtonian Analyzes of the Michelson-Morley Experiment Using the Fixed Elastic Collision Law

In these papers, physicists will find the latest mathematical analysis of the results of the Michelson-Morley experiment, which was the source of all papers for Fitzgerald, Lorentz, Poincare, Minkowski and Einstein. This analyzes are the result of a study of the elastic collision theory, and are quite different from those of early physicists who have paved the way for the emergence of relativity theory. This work will discuss Fitzgerald-Lorentz's explanations and prove that they are not correct.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[756] viXra:1805.0516 [pdf] submitted on 2018-05-30 04:00:28

### NRCL Prognostic Network

Comments: 15 Pages. Noise sources used in reciprocity.

This is a research proposal institute a network of enhanced True Random Number Generators that could detect statistical anomalies in natural systems caused by nonlinear temporal processes.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[755] viXra:1805.0505 [pdf] submitted on 2018-05-28 15:07:45

### Time-Independent Solution of Navier-Stokes Equations

Authors: Sangwha Yi

In Navier-Stokes equations, we discover time-independent solutions by Newton potential.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[754] viXra:1805.0329 [pdf] submitted on 2018-05-19 02:11:41

### A Classification of Geometric Interactions

Authors: Vu B Ho

In this work we discuss the possibility to classify geometric interactions with respect to the dimensions of the submanifolds which are decomposed and emitted from a differentiable manifold. The manifold, which is assumed to be an elementary particle, can be assumed to have the mathematical structure of a CW complex which is composed of n-cells. The decomposed n-cells will be identified with force carriers. In particular, for the case of differentiable manifolds of dimension three, there are four different types of geometric interactions associated with 0-cells, 1-cells, 2-cells and 3-cells. We discuss in more details the case of geometric interactions that are associated with the decomposition of 3-cells from a differentiable manifold and show that the physical interactions that are associated with the evolution of the geometric processes can be formulated in terms of general relativity.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[753] viXra:1805.0170 [pdf] submitted on 2018-05-08 08:04:23

### Dynamics of Boundary Layer Separating from Surface to the Outer Flow

Authors: Sergey V. Ershkov
Comments: 10 pages, 7 figures; Keywords: Navier-Stokes equations, non-stationary flow, boundary layer

Solving the Navier-Stokes equations for 3D boundary layer of the incompressible flow of Newtonian fluids is the most unsolved problem in fluid mechanics. A lot of authors have been executing their researches to obtain the analytical and semi-analytic solutions for the boundary layer approximation of Navier-Stokes equations, even for example for 2D case of compressible gas flow. But there is an essential deficiency of 3D solutions for the boundary layer indeed. In current research, an elegant ansatz is developed to obtain 3D solutions for the boundary layer approximation of Navier-Stokes equations of incompressible fluids (in the vicinity of the point of separating of boundary layer from surface to the outer ideal flow). The governing equation for such the process is proved to be the Poisson equation for each the component of velocity field of boundary layer flow, which could nevertheless be reduced to the Laplace equation in case of the uniform outer flow.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[752] viXra:1805.0073 [pdf] submitted on 2018-05-02 23:58:53

### Relation Between Matter, Antimatter and Dark Matter in an Infinite Universe with Extra Dimensions

Authors: Rodney Bartlett

What is the Dark Matter that holds together galaxies and galaxy clusters? Does causality (the law of cause and effect) really depend on the arrow of time only ever flying from the past to the present to the future? Or is that merely a way of thinking we've gotten used to - with the universe not caring about our temporal biases, and creating entanglement of all things in space-time through time going back and forth? In order to lay the groundwork for the relation between matter and antimatter and dark matter, I found it necessary to repeat earlier ideas about binary digits / Mobius strips / figure-8 Klein bottles / Wick rotation. I don't enjoy repeating myself – readers want new thoughts presented to them. But all these are required for the extra so called "imaginary" dimension to escape being a mathematical oddity, and to manifest as part of space-time. These ideas might seem to be going from strange to stranger, but they're validated by Werner Heisenberg's matrix version of quantum mechanics as well as the mathematics of matrix multiplication. The article ends with a few paragraphs summing up the relation between matter, antimatter, dark matter and extra dimensions. In the process, the Fixed Point Theorem is used logically to show that the cosmos must be infinite and eternal. This necessitates a Paradoxical PS attempting a rational explanation for an infinite, eternal universe (the Cosmic Microwave Background and redshift objections are addressed).
Category: Mathematical Physics

[751] viXra:1805.0039 [pdf] submitted on 2018-05-01 18:49:08

### Physical Interactions as Geometric Processes

Authors: Vu B Ho

In this work we discuss the possibility to identify physical interactions with geometric processes whose revolutions can be described by the Ricci flow. In particular, we show that it is possible to suggest that the charge of an elementary particle does not exist as a physical quantity possessed by the elementary particle itself but rather a collective dynamical effect that is associated with the intermediate particles, which are the force carriers. These force carrying particles have the geometric structures of two-dimensional spheres or n-tori. Furthermore, since the Ricci flow on two-dimensional manifolds does not give rise to neckpinches and if such geometric flows can be shown to not exist then it can be stated that the force carrying particles are the only particles that are truly fundamental.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[750] viXra:1804.0475 [pdf] submitted on 2018-04-28 14:20:02

### Elementary Functions and Schrödinger Equations

Authors: Y. J. F. Kpomahou, J. Akande, D. K. K. Adjaï, L. H. Koudahoun, M. D. Monsia

The Schrödinger eigenvalue problem with diverse potentials is investigated in this work. It is shown that exact and explicit discrete bound state solutions may be computed in terms of elementary functions.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[749] viXra:1804.0303 [pdf] submitted on 2018-04-22 02:13:16

### Physical Meaning of Wick Rotation and Advanced Waves

Authors: Rodney Bartlett

Category: Mathematical Physics

[748] viXra:1804.0222 [pdf] submitted on 2018-04-16 10:45:14

### On Schrödinger Equations Equivalent to Constant Coefficient Equations

Authors: D. K. K. Adjaï, J. Akande, L. H. Koudahoun, Y. J. F. Kpomahou, M. D. Monsia

This paper shows that the solution of a class of Schrödinger equations may be performed in terms of the solution of the equation of constant coefficients.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[747] viXra:1804.0202 [pdf] submitted on 2018-04-15 06:29:29

### A Quantum Physics Jeopardy Problem of a One-Bound-State Double Dirac Delta Potential with a Centrifugal, Angular-Momentum-Like Tail

Authors: Spiros Konstantogiannis

Starting from a simple, one-parameter, symmetric wave function, we derive an attractive double Dirac delta potential with a centrifugal, angular-momentum-like tale, which has only one bound state, the energy of which can be set to zero.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[746] viXra:1804.0160 [pdf] submitted on 2018-04-11 15:44:00

### Differential Forms for Physics Students

Authors: William O. Straub

A basic introduction to the calculus of differential forms for undergraduate physics students
Category: Mathematical Physics

[745] viXra:1804.0159 [pdf] submitted on 2018-04-11 16:36:41

### The Planck-Energy is not Fundamental in a Rotating Holographic Universe.

Authors: Dan Visser

This article discards the constant Planck-energy. This will be in service of a rotating vacuum-torus as a new building-stone in a variable vacuum for the benefit of a rotating hologram-universe. The new building-stone hosts all the sub-information for the quantum-information for each emerging not-fundamental Big Bang-universe. This leads to the presentation of a new formula for dimensional variable dark energy. Also a handwritten image shows the author’s velocity-tensor of rotating vacuum, which is combined with an energy of dark force emerged from a dark vacuum particle. He uses his tensor to explain the name of his theory, the Double Torus Theory (DTT) .
Category: Mathematical Physics

[744] viXra:1804.0105 [pdf] submitted on 2018-04-08 02:51:00

### Uniform Unified System of Dimensions Physical Quantities

Authors: Mikhail L. Sokolnikov

Logical continuation of the work of the Soviet aircraft designer, the Italian Earl of Croatian origin Roberto Oros di Bartini. Логическое продолжение работы советского авиаконструктора, итальянского графа хорватского происхождения Roberto Oros di Bartini. Time = x^4
Category: Mathematical Physics

[743] viXra:1804.0097 [pdf] submitted on 2018-04-08 12:12:33

### The Energy of the Wave Vortices (Loks) J=3.

Authors: Alexander I.Dubinyansky, Pavel Churlyaev.

Development of the mathematical model of the elastic universe. The energy of the loks (3.0), (3.1), (3.2), and (3.3) is calculated. Assumptions are made regarding other loks. The first conclusions on the identification of elementary particles in a set of loks.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[742] viXra:1804.0068 [pdf] submitted on 2018-04-04 15:14:17

### An Algebraic Invariant of Gravity

Authors: Hans Detlef Hüttenbach

Newton's mechanics is simple. His equivalence principle is simple, as is the inverse square law of gravitational force. A simple theory should have simple solutions to simple models. A system of n particles, given their initial speed and positions along with their masses, is such a simple model. Yet, solving for n>2 is not simple. This paper discusses, why that is a difficult problem and what could be done to get around that problem.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[741] viXra:1803.0434 [pdf] submitted on 2018-03-22 10:30:01

### Finite Volcano Potentials Admitting a Rational Eigenfunction

Authors: Spiros Konstantogiannis

Starting with a general rational wave function, we search for potentials admitting it as a bound energy eigenfunction. We thus derive singular and regular potentials asymptotically decaying as the inverse of x squared, with the latter being simple or multiple volcanoes having a finite number of bound eigenstates. We present specific examples and examine the transition from singular to volcano potentials.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[740] viXra:1803.0397 [pdf] submitted on 2018-03-22 00:51:36

### Energy Required to Keep the Universe Expanding: an Insight on Dark Energy

Authors: Keaten Wood

It is popularly known that dark matter is responsible for the accelerating expansion of our universe, as well as many other phenomena. This could very well be the case. Through many mathematical steps, using mechanical laws and calculus, I have determined the amount of energy needed to expand the universe a certain distance quickly converges, meaning that all the universe needs is a sufficient amount of energy in order to expand infinitely, either given initially by the big bang or gradually by dark matter.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[739] viXra:1803.0301 [pdf] submitted on 2018-03-20 15:26:28

### Mathematical Modeling Technique

Authors: R.T.Longo

In this paper, a general modeling principle is introduced that was found useful for modeling complex physical systems for engineering applications. The technique is a nonlinear asymptotic method (NLAM), constructed from simplified physical theories, i.e., physical theories that were developed from particular points of view, that can be used to construct a more global theory. Originally, the technique was envisioned primarily for engineering applications, but its success has led to a more general principle. Four examples are presented to discuss and illustrate this method.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[738] viXra:1803.0300 [pdf] submitted on 2018-03-20 18:24:51

### In a Rotating Hologram-Universe a Big Bang-Universe Gives Entrance to Other Big Bang-Universes.

Authors: Dan Visser

This article describes the rotation and expansion of a fast rotating vacuum below the Planck-scale, with approximately 10-21 rad/s, which emerges an approximately 1018 Hertz frequency of x-rays above the Planck-scale. This high-frequent radiation is really observed by several observatory, with an energy of about 3,5 keV. In this respect I describe evidence for the existence of ‘light-holes’, which replaces the conservative Planck-scale seen from a distance in perspective of my new cosmological model, called the rotating hologram-universe. The new model therefore discards a single Big Bang-universe as not-fundamental. Due to the exercises given here a connection is presented with another (single) Big Bang-universe. Coming closer to these ‘light-holes’ high-frequent light becomes lower in frequency due to my formula Tdan , showing that vacuum expands by ‘crumbling the quantum-unit’. The closer to the ‘light-hole’, the more a parallel Big Bang-universe appears to be a part of the fundamental rotating hologram-universe.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[737] viXra:1803.0263 [pdf] submitted on 2018-03-17 17:12:50

### QSO – The Mathematics and Physics of Quasi-Spherical Orbits

Authors: R. G. Chester

The purpose of this work is to present a more realistic model for a number of dynamic three–dimensional physical phenomena which are traditionally depicted statically in two dimensions and are therefore misleading. It is also to provide a model for phenomena which are regarded as conceivable only in abstract mathematical terms, and are therefore thought to be permanently inaccessible to the non–specialist. The use of the QSO model will reveal pattern and enable analysis in hitherto untouched areas.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[736] viXra:1803.0212 [pdf] submitted on 2018-03-15 12:19:50

### The Atoms Energy Stores and Photon

Authors: Markos Georgallides

Article [67] is a Summary of prior [64-65-66] and because of its energy value , I believe that a wider discussion of it is for the benefit both the scientific development of knowledge from misconceptions of science , the application to new sources of energy , and in which is referred , a.. The Material points are produced from the unclashed , Matter (+) and Anti-matter (-) , lying into Energy-Chaos and following the Glue-Bond-Principle and NOT the Forced-collision . b.. The Spin of monads which is the Angular-Momentum vector ,B, due to the eternal rotation of (+) Space around the (-) Anti-space and the HOW and the WHY Spin is  ½ or  1 . c.. Part of the Total-Energy produced in Primary particles from a ,Circular-motion, is trapped into wavelength λ, of particles as a Stationary-wave with 1,2,3,,n, lobes and ,n, frequencies following the Stationary-Wave-Nodes-Principle and which consists the Energy-tanks of particles . d.. Part of the Total-Energy produced in Primary particles from a ,Cycloidal-motion, is stored in Energy-tanks of cave ,λ, as the ,n, frequencies due to oscillations , and additionally because of the centrifugal acceleration is created the Skin-effect at Stress-common-curve and the Kinetic-energy as an Electromagnetic-wave moves Outward the cave . Electromagnetic-wave and others are following the Breakage-Principle which is [(+) Space as the Electric-field , (-) Anti-space as the Magnetic-field , and (0=λ) the Energy-loop as the Energy-tank of particle . e.. In case of the Compound particles as the Bohr model of atoms Breakage-Principle is still existing , particularly on the three Constituents and on all Total structure (formation) as , the Nucleus = The Space = the matter and the equal in charge counterpart Electron = The Anti-space = the Anti-matter , and Orbitals = The Energy loop as the Energy-tanks of atom. All above were analytically presented in the three prior articles and the present is a general summary of forgoing.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[735] viXra:1803.0196 [pdf] submitted on 2018-03-14 10:15:19

### On the Ground State of Potentials with, at Most, Finite Discontinuities and Simple Poles

Authors: Spiros Konstantogiannis

For one-dimensional potentials having, at most, finite discontinuities and simple poles at which the wave functions have simple zeros, we give an algebraic – i.e. operator-based – proof that an eigenfunction having no other zeros is a minimum-energy eigenfunction, and thus it describes the ground state.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[734] viXra:1803.0086 [pdf] submitted on 2018-03-06 06:43:51

### Bimetric Theory of Gravitational-Inertial Field in Riemannian and in Finsler-Lagrange Approximation.

Authors: Jaykov Foukzon, S.A.Podosenov, A.A.Potapov, E.Menkova

In present article the original proposition is a generalization of the Einstein's world tensor g ij by the introduction of pure inertial field tensor g ac ij such that R α μνλ (g ac ij )≠0 .Bimetric theory of gravitational-inertial field is considered for the case when the gravitational-Inertial field is governed by either a perfect magnetic fluid.In a series of papers published during the past decade with respect to Mössbauer experiments in a rotating system [71]-[75],it has been experimentally shown that the relative energy shift ΔE/E between the source of resonant radiation (situated at the center of the rotating system) and the resonant absorber (located on the rotor rim) is described by the relationship ΔE/E=−ku 2 /c 2 , where u is the tangential velocity of the absorber, c the velocity of light in vacuum, and k some coefficient, which -- contrary to what had been classically predicted equal 1/2 (see for example [35]) -- turns out to be substantially larger than 1/2. It cannot be stressed enough that the equality k=1/2 had been predicted by general theory of relativity (GTR) on account of the special relativistic time dilation effect delineated by the tangential displacement of the rotating absorber, where the "clock hypothesis" by Einstein (i.e., the non-reliance of the time rate of any clock on its acceleration [35]) was straightly adopted. Hence, the revealed inequality k>1/2 indicates the presence of some additional energy shift (next to the usual time dilation effect arising from tangential displacement alone) between the emitted and absorbed resonant radiation. By using Bimetric Theory of Gravitational-Inertial Field [76] we obtain k=0.625 in a good agreement with experimental result k=0.69 [75].
Category: Mathematical Physics

[733] viXra:1803.0010 [pdf] submitted on 2018-03-01 15:21:18

Authors: Colin James III

In the classical real Minkowski plane, we confirm the set of points as tautologous. However, we refute the set of cycles as being not tautologous and not contradictory. This means that basing quantum theory on the set of cycles in the classical real Minkowski plane is suspicious.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[732] viXra:1803.0009 [pdf] submitted on 2018-03-01 16:17:11

### Implications of Multidimensional Geometries and Measurement

Authors: Richard L Amoroso, Elizabeth A Rauscher
Comments: 24 Pages. Complexification of Maxwell’s equations with an extension of the gauge condition to non-Abelian algebras, yields a putative metrical unification of relativity, electromagnetism and quantum theory. This unique new approach also yields a universal nonlocali

Complexification of Maxwell’s equations with an extension of the gauge condition to non-Abelian algebras, yields a putative metrical unification of relativity, electromagnetism and quantum theory. This unique new approach also yields a universal nonlocality with implications for Bell’s Theorem and the possibility of instantaneous quantum connections because spatial separation can vanish by utilizing the complex space.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[731] viXra:1802.0441 [pdf] submitted on 2018-02-28 12:07:01

### Einstein/newton Duality: an Ontological-Phase Topological Field Theory

Authors: Richard L Amoroso
Comments: 17 Pages. Preprint, to appear in IOP (2018) conference proceedings, PIRT, Moscow 2017

Newton claimed instantaneous G-influence; Einstein insisted no influence propagated faster than c . Quantum Mechanics (QM) the so-called basement of reality, posits a Quantum Gravity, for which no a priori science exists. We propose a paradigm shift with duality between a semi-quantum Standard Model (SM) limit and Large-Scale Additional Dimensionality (LSXD) in a modified M-Theoretic Unified Field (UF) brane arena as the regime of integration described by an Ontological-Phase Topological Field Theory (OPTFT) requiring fundamental changes in the concept of dimensionality and matter. OPTFT is developed to formally describe 3rd regime Unified Field Mechanics (UFM) (classical- Quantum-UFM) to relate Newton-Einstein duality by added degrees of freedom in a semiquantum limit enabling topological Dirac-Majorana doublet fusion supervening the uncertainty principle.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[730] viXra:1802.0438 [pdf] submitted on 2018-02-28 14:07:14

### Spinors, Twistors, Quaternions and Complex Space

Authors: Richard L Amoroso, Elizabeth A Rauscher

Utilizing the spinor approach, electromagnetic and gravitational metrics are mapable to the twistor algebra, which corresponds to the complexified Minkowski space. Quaternion transformations relate to spin and rotation corresponding to the twistor analysis.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[729] viXra:1802.0436 [pdf] submitted on 2018-02-28 16:02:08

### Relativistic Dirac Quantum Theory in Complex Minkowski Space and Tachyonic Signaling

Authors: Richard L Amoroso, Elizabeth A Rauscher

In this paper we develop complex solutions to the Dirac equation and discuss various implications and applications.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[728] viXra:1802.0424 [pdf] submitted on 2018-02-28 10:01:12

### The Complex Form of Relativistic Maxwell's Equations

Authors: Richard L Amoroso, Elizabeth A Rauscher

We outline the relativistic formalism which gives a more comprehensive explanation of the complexification scheme. Such issues as considering the Higgs Boson as a soliton depends on Lorentz invariance and relativistic causality constraints. We relate the complexification of Maxwell's equations to models of nonlocal micro and macro phenomena. In this chapter we relate the electromagnetic fields, F and A , the potentials to the gravitational field, G . We examine, for example, the manner in which advanced potentials may explain the remote connectedness which is indicated by the Clauser test of Bell's theorem. Similar arguments apply to Young's double slit experiment. The collective coherent phenomena of superconductivity is also explainable by considering the relativistic field theoretic approach in which wave equations are solved in the complex Minkowski space.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[727] viXra:1802.0423 [pdf] submitted on 2018-02-28 10:40:02

### Real and Complex Amended Maxwell’s Equations for Non-Abelian Gauge Groups

Authors: Richard L Amoroso, Elizabeth A Rauscher

In this work we analyze, calculate and extend modification of Maxwell’s equations in a complex Minkowski metric, M4 in a C2 complexified space using the SU2 gauge, SL(2,c) and other gauge groups, such as SUn for n > 2 expanding the U1 gauge theories of Weyl. Weyl identified the U1 gauge group for the standard Maxwell’s equations in its nonrelativistic form in M4 space. We expand the form of the elegant electromagnetic equations and express them in C4 space for the nonrelativistic formalism and for the relativistic formalism of the equations. The advanced and retarded formalisms are also examined. In the case where Maxwell’s equations are solved in C4 space, or the complex 8-space, we can extend the theory to considerations of other gauge groups such as SL(2,c), SUn for n > 2 and SU2 expanding the approach beyond U1 gauge conditions.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[726] viXra:1802.0422 [pdf] submitted on 2018-02-28 11:05:16

### Sub and Superluminal Transformations of the Complex Vector Potential

Authors: Richard L Amoroso, Elizabeth A Rauscher

We consider in this chapter the transformations of an oscillatory form of A mu in a complex 12D Minkowski space. The form of the transformation of A mu or (A , Phi) depends on whether such a transformation is a superluminal Lorentz transformation (SLT) or a subluminal Lorentz transformation.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[725] viXra:1802.0419 [pdf] submitted on 2018-02-28 11:55:59

### The Schrödinger Equation in Complex Minkowski Space

Authors: Richard L Amoroso, Elizabeth A Rauscher

We develop a formalism for the Schrödinger equation in an eight dimensional (8D) complex Minkowski space and discuss its relation to the Dirac equation, properties of nonlocality, remote connectedness, Young’s double slit experiment, Bell’s Theorem, the EPR paradox and anticipatory parameters of spacetime; and also identify an imaginary temporal component as a small nonlinear term and find soliton or solitary wave solutions. These coherent solutions can carry information over long distances, are consistent with Lorentz invariance and appear to provide a fundamental methodology for describing the issue of quantum measurement and a new context for the basis of quantum theory. In the Copenhagen view models of reality are not desirable. However, our new approach may enable the redefinition of concepts of reality from a new nonlocal and anticipatory quantum theory. Certainly, the most desirable consequence of scientific discovery is the ability to refine our concepts of reality.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[724] viXra:1802.0416 [pdf] submitted on 2018-02-27 15:16:59

### Structure, Properties and Implications of Complex Minkowski Spaces

Authors: Richard L Amoroso, Elizabeth A Rauscher

We consider the properties and implications of three n > 4 multidimensional geometries. These are Descartes geometry [1], the properties and implications of which are enumerated in [2-6]. Both macroscopic and microscopic implications of these geometries are presented. We also develop several forms of complex Minkowski space in terms of a generalized metric containing terms derived from real and imaginary coordinates. The metric of the space is real and therefore physical [7-17]. This geometry is found to be one-to-one with Kaluza-Klein geometry [18-20] in which there has been much recent interest in developing M-Theory, in particular in the apparent relationship between the gravitational and electromagnetic fields often called Quantum Gravity. We have discussed the properties and implications of complex geometries in a number of works. The basic structure of the geometries is based on the construction of complexified dimensions, consisting of orthogonal real and imaginary parts. We examine the implication of a complex 8-space geometry in which we introduce imaginary components for each real spatial dimension, X = (x,y,z) and temporal dimension, t.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[723] viXra:1802.0412 [pdf] submitted on 2018-02-27 17:30:47

### The Complexification of Maxwell's Equations

Authors: Richard L Amoroso, Elizabeth A Rauscher

In this work we demonstrate that complex electric and magnetic fields are consistent with a geometry consisting of complex spacetime. We thus demonstrate that complex spacetime coordinates are not inconsistent with electromagnetic phenomena and may point to a direction for its unification with gravitational phenomena, in the weak Weyl field limit. The particular case we examine in detail is for an electron in a field where we derive Coulomb's equation. We examine this unification using the Weyl geometry in the linear approximation of the gravitational field.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[722] viXra:1802.0411 [pdf] submitted on 2018-02-27 17:57:51

### Vector and Scalar Potentials, Advanced and Retarded Waves and Nonlocal Phenomena

Authors: Richard L Amoroso, Elizabeth A Rauscher

The issue of whether Bell's theorem and other remote connectedness phenomena, such as Young's double slit experiment, demands superluminal or space-like signals or prior generated luminal signals is an area of hot debate. This also relates to the existence of advanced vs. retarded potentials and annihilation creation operators which are of interest in this regard. Using the complex model of we will examine the issue of the nonlocality of Bell's theorem as quantum mechanical ‘transactions’ providing a microscopic communication path between detectors across space-like intervals, which violate the EPR locality postulate [1]. See Chap. 4. This picture appears consistent with the remote connectedness properties of complex Minkowski space. Also, there are implications for macroscopic communications channels; another area of debate. Detailed discussions of Bell's theorem are given in [2].
Category: Mathematical Physics

[721] viXra:1802.0355 [pdf] submitted on 2018-02-24 12:29:27

### A Refinement to Nonstandard Ultra-logic-systems Applied to the GGU-model

Authors: Robert A. Herrmann

The methods of nonstandard analysis are applied to general language logic-systems. This allows the operators for the only known mathematical cosmology, the General Grand Unification Model (GGU-model), to more clearly exhibit their hyper-logical properties. All of the GGU-model entities and processes are predicted from certain observable entities, which are physical processes and mental procedures that we use to construct physical objects. It is shown that, for each of the four types of instruction paradigms, there exists an ultra-word-like object such that when an hyper-algorithm is applied to it an ultra-logic-system is *-deduced. Another application of an hyper-algorithm yields a hyperfinite instruction paradigm that is hyper-deduced in the in the required sequential order. It is shown that duplication of these processes yields a set of hyper-instruction paradigms that satisfies the Patten and Wheeler participator universe requirements. In this version, the participator process portion of the GGU-model is significantly altered from the original process presented and a correction is made to an equation and its applications. A specific data-set is generalized and the set of all ultra-propertons is obtained and its properties examined. This set is shown to be sufficient for universe construction. GGU-model schemes are presented in diagram form. A process is introduced that leads, when applied, to the individual developmental of each universe-wide frozen-frame. An operator is shown to exist, which, via a substratum medium and processes, changes hyper-instruction information into substratum info-fields. From these info-fields, all physical-systems are produced. In this refinement, the page 11 statement, in the original version of this paper on quantum theory, is completely modified and the previous statement is now essentially incorrect.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[720] viXra:1802.0310 [pdf] submitted on 2018-02-21 18:46:48

### Structural Optimization by Using the Stiffness Homogenization

The topology optimization using the homogenization method is to find optimal layout of microstructures which satisfies design demand in the neighborhood of an arbitrary point in a given design domain. The homogenization approach is to compute proper mechanical properties of those microstructures in terms of integral averaging by accepting the periodicity assumption and characteristic function. In this paper, we described a stiffness homogenization theory that is able to avoid the complication of the homogenization approach and reduce the computation cost by considering the topology optimization process in consistence with the finite element analysis. The method can be applied more flexibly to individual or simultaneous optimization of the topology, shape, size and material layout. We discussed a stiffness homogenization during meshing the space structure with different kinds of elements in detail. An optimal criterion for the minimum weight design problem, as one of typical optimization design problems, was derived and the computational algorithm was presented. Numerical results of an example were compared with previous methods, which show the validation of the method.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[719] viXra:1802.0239 [pdf] submitted on 2018-02-18 13:58:51

### Angular Moments (Spins) of Wave Vortices (Loks). Refinements.

Authors: Alexander I.Dubinyansky, Pavel Churlyaev.
Comments: 6 Pages. dubinyansky@mail.ru http://universe100.narod.ru/ http://universe100.narod.ru/002-Oglavlenie-angl-jpg.html (English)

Development of the mathematical model of the elastic universe. The spins of the loks (0,0), (1,0) and (1,1) are calculated. Assumptions are made regarding other loks. Further conclusions were drawn on the identification of elementary particles in a set of loks.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[718] viXra:1802.0231 [pdf] submitted on 2018-02-19 00:43:55

### Electrostatics, Gravity, and Galactic Force

Authors: Jack Bidnik

Electrostatics, Gravity, and Galactic Force © US 2015 by Jack Bidnik This paper is a continuation of my paper entitled Gravitational Forces Revisited (GFR), http://vixra.org/abs/1707.0128 and may be considered as Chapter 2 of the concepts developed in that paper. Two corollaries of the derivation of Gs in GFR are elaborated here to show that the formula can be extended to include both the smallest and the largest masses and spaces. The same formula can give both the electrostatic force of the Hydrogen atom and also the force which counteracts the centrifugal force of large galaxies. I believe this development nullifies the most basic motive for postulating dark matter, which is that the gravitational force at such high speeds could not hold the galaxy together. Examples are given for galaxies of various size. The paper starts with continuing analysis of the mathematical conclusion in GFR that the derived force Ft is equivalent to the centripetal force of the orbit vo2/r. This analysis is perhaps superfluous since there is no other acceleration present radially than the one derived for Ft , but I present various looks at the math to dispel any nagging doubts. Another set of doubts to be dispelled involves the idea of frames of motion. It suffices to point out that when one uses the reduced mass, it is the equivalent of the motion of either mass in the frame of the other, since it is the equivalent of one mass being stationary.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[717] viXra:1802.0207 [pdf] submitted on 2018-02-16 06:19:14

### The Energy of Wave Vortices (Loks).

Authors: Alexander I. Dubinyansky, Pavel Churlyaev.
Comments: 7 Pages. dubinyansky@mail.ru http://universe100.narod.ru/ http://universe100.narod.ru/002-Oglavlenie-angl-jpg.html (English)

Development of the mathematical model of the elastic universe. The energy of the loks (0,0), (1,0) and (1,1) are calculated. Assumptions are made regarding other loks. The first conclusions on the identification of elementary particles in a set of loks are made.
Category: Mathematical Physics

## Replacements of recent Submissions

[619] viXra:1810.0502 [pdf] replaced on 2018-11-11 06:27:01

### Short Note on Unification of Field Equations and Probability

Authors: Mesut Kavak

Is math in harmony with existence? Is it possible to calculate any property of existence over math? Is exact proof of something possible without pre-acceptance of some physical properties? This work is realized to analysis these arguments somehow as simple as possible over short cuts, and it came up with some compatible results finally. It seems that both free space and moving bodies in this space are dependent on the same rule as there is no alternative, and the rule is determined by mathematics.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[618] viXra:1810.0502 [pdf] replaced on 2018-11-06 10:08:35

### Short Note on Unification of Field Equations and Probability

Authors: Mesut Kavak

Is math in harmony with existence? Is it possible to calculate any property of existence over math? Is exact proof of something possible without pre-acceptance of some physical properties? This work is realized to analysis these arguments somehow as simple as possible over short cuts, and it came up with some compatible results finally. It seems that both free space and moving bodies in this space are dependent on the same rule as there is no alternative, and the rule is determined by mathematics.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[617] viXra:1810.0502 [pdf] replaced on 2018-11-02 09:02:35

### Short Note on Unification of Field Equations and Probability

Authors: Mesut Kavak

Is math in harmony with existence? Is it possible to calculate any property of existence over math? Is exact proof of something possible without pre-acceptance of some physical properties? This work is realized to analysis these arguments somehow as simple as possible over short cuts, and it came up with some compatible results finally. It seems that both free space and moving bodies in this space are dependent on the same rule as there is no alternative, and the rule is determined by mathematics.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[616] viXra:1810.0502 [pdf] replaced on 2018-11-01 13:01:26

### Short Note on Unification of Field Equations and Probability

Authors: Mesut Kavak

Is math in harmony with existence? Is it possible to calculate any property of existence over math? Is exact proof of something possible without pre-acceptance of some physical properties? This work is realized to analysis these arguments somehow as simple as possible over short cuts, and it came up with some compatible results finally. It seems that both free space and moving bodies in this space are dependent on the same rule as there is no alternative, and the rule is determined by mathematics.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[615] viXra:1810.0502 [pdf] replaced on 2018-10-31 07:34:22

### Short Note on Unification of Field Equations and Probability

Authors: Mesut Kavak

Is math in harmony with existence? Is it possible to calculate any property of existence over math? Is exact proof of something possible without pre-acceptance of some physical properties? This work is realized to analysis these arguments somehow as simple as possible over short cuts, and it came up with some compatible results finally. It seems that both free space and moving bodies in this space are dependent on the same rule as there is no alternative, and the rule is determined by mathematics.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[614] viXra:1810.0274 [pdf] replaced on 2018-11-09 19:32:17

### Universe is a Solid Elastic Continuum.

Authors: Alexander I.Dubinyansky, Pavel A. Churlyaev.

Abstract. The universe is a solid elastic continuum - gukuum. This continuum does not contain any numerical parameters or constraints. All visible and invisible objects of the universe, from large to small, are wave objects in this continuum. All the wave objects in the gukuum are described by the letter specification of the elasticity parameters of the solid body and the three-dimensional wave equation. The nonlinearity that exists in the universe is explained by the law of "winding the linear solution on itself." As a result of such winding, or layering, the linear solution becomes non-linear and creates the entire variety of the material world.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[613] viXra:1809.0599 [pdf] replaced on 2018-10-05 13:27:53

### The Mathematical Principles of the Scale Relativity Physics

Authors: Nicolae Mazilu, Maricel Agop

Even though a physical theory, the Scale Relativity Theory (SRT) means more than physics, as its creator noticed himself. In fact it targets the very foundation of the entire positive knowledge, and we are set here to prove this fact. Mathematically one needs the description of a transition between infrafinite, finite and transfinite orders, while physically one needs a transition between microcosmos, daily world (quotidian cosmos) and universe. With SRT the mathematical categories of infrafinite, finite and transfinite, become differentias of the same general concept of ‘finite’. As it turns out, there is a parallelism of the physical transition between the worlds and the mathematical transition between degrees of ‘finite’: it is followed here historically and logically, in a first part of the present work, with the benefit of extracting the mathematical principles of a physical description of matter.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[612] viXra:1809.0450 [pdf] replaced on 2018-09-23 14:57:31

### How Gas and Force Work Together to Create Geometrical Dispersed Patterns Based On an Object's Shape

Authors: Andrew Dente
Comments: 9 Pages. This manuscript has no operational errors confirmed by reviewers and outside reviewers.

This unique mathematical method for understanding the flow of gas through each individual objects shape will show us how we can produce physical functions for each object based on the dissemination of gas particles in accordance to its shape. We analyze its continuum per shape of the object and the forces acting on the gas which in return produces its own unique function for the given object due to the rate at which forces were applied to the gas. We also get to examine the different changes in the working rate due to the effect of its volume and mass from the given objects shape with our working equation discovered through Green’s and Gaussian functions.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[611] viXra:1809.0249 [pdf] replaced on 2018-10-02 03:55:00

### A Classification of Quantum Particles

Authors: Vu B Ho
Comments: 23 Pages. This work has been published in Global Journal of Science Frontier Research: A Physics and Space Science

In this work, by summarising our recent works on the differential geometric and topological structures of quantum particles and spacetime manifold, we discuss the possibility to classify quantum particles according to their intrinsic geometric structures associated with differentiable manifolds that are solutions to wave equations of two and three dimensions. We show that fermions of half-integer spin can be identified with differentiable manifolds which are solutions to a general two-dimensional wave equation, in particular, a two-dimensional wave equation that can be derived from Dirac equation. On the other hand, bosons of integer spin can be identified with differentiable manifolds which are solutions to a general three-dimensional wave equation, in particular, a three-dimensional wave equation that can be derived from Maxwell field equations of electromagnetism. We also discuss the possibility that being restricted to three-dimensional spatial dimensions we may not be able to observe the whole geometric structure of a quantum particle but rather only the cross-section of the manifold that represents the quantum particle and the space in which we are confined. Even though not in the same context, such view of physical existence may comply with the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics which states that the properties of a physical system are not definite but can only be determined by observations.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[610] viXra:1809.0052 [pdf] replaced on 2018-09-27 21:31:04

### Gravitational Periodicity from Special Relativity

Authors: Jack Bidnik

Abstract © US 2015 Gravitational Periodicity from Special Relativity by Jack Bidnik This is my derivation of the sinusoidal variation of planetary orbits by means of relativistic relative momentum of two masses. It may be considered Chapter 3 of my paper Gravitational Forces Revisited (GFR),  http://vixra.org/abs/1707.0128 where I derived a force, Fm, which I analogized to Newton's force of gravity by the equation Fm = Gs Mm /r^2, where Gs is a velocity dependent variable. Here I derive the same force, but I use a separate method to show that it is the force of gravity. This chapter can be seen as a completely independent, stand alone, method of deriving gravity from Special Relativity, and that Fm is both a necessary and a sufficient condition for the gravitational force.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[609] viXra:1808.0677 [pdf] replaced on 2018-10-07 12:04:39

### Algebraic Field Theory-a Mathematical Construction of the Vacuum

Authors: Robert H Ihde
Comments: 22 Pages. Some error corrections.

All algebras of quantum theory are algebras over a field or briefly K-algebras of a binary operation, which are defined as constant invariants over the Poincaré group. The Christoffel symbols occurring in the classical geodetic equation can be understood as a representation of a K-algebra. In contrary to the constant algebras of quantum theory, the K-algebra of the Christoffel symbols is a function of space-time. A mathematical, conformal unification of geometry and algebra requires a corresponding dependence on space-time for the quantum algebras. Assuming the existence of an algebraic field, based on a changing binary operation with a feedback to the domain, a quantum mechanical vacuum equation for gravity is established. The vacuum equation structurally follows a generalized, pseudo-linear Dirac-Maxwell system with additional algebraic constraints. A physical existence of the algebraic field, as the counterpart to the geometric field of gravity, can be falsified by the experiment. The part of the spin in the magnetic moment of a particle would then depend on its acceleration, since the algebraic field should influence the spin algebra accordingly.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[608] viXra:1808.0677 [pdf] replaced on 2018-09-25 12:15:08

### Algebraic Field Theory-a Mathematical Construction of the Vacuum

Authors: Robert H Ihde
Comments: 22 Pages. some correction of typos

All algebras of quantum theory are algebras over a field or briefly K-algebras of a binary operation, which are defined as constant invariants over the Poincaré group. The Christoffel symbols occurring in the classical geodetic equation can be understood as a representation of a K-algebra. In contrary to the constant algebras of quantum theory, the K-algebra of the Christoffel symbols is a function of space-time. A mathematical, conformal unification of geometry and algebra requires a corresponding dependence on space-time for the quantum algebras. Assuming the existence of an algebraic field, based on a changing binary operation with a feedback to the domain, a quantum mechanical vacuum equation for gravity is established. The vacuum equation structurally follows a generalized, pseudo-linear Dirac-Maxwell system with additional algebraic constraints. A physical existence of the algebraic field, as the counterpart to the geometric field of gravity, can be falsified by the experiment. The part of the spin in the magnetic moment of a particle would then depend on its acceleration, since the algebraic field should influence the spin algebra accordingly.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[607] viXra:1808.0677 [pdf] replaced on 2018-09-20 14:32:20

### Algbraic Field Theory-a Mathematical Construction of the Vacuum

Authors: Robert H Ihde

All algebras of quantum theory are algebras over a field or briefly K-algebras of a binary operation, which are defined as constant invariants over the Poincaré group. The Christoffel symbols occurring in the classical geodetic equation can be understood as a representation of a K-algebra. In contrary to the constant algebras of quantum theory, the K-algebra of the Christoffel symbols is a function of space-time. A mathematical, conformal unification of geometry and algebra requires a corresponding dependence on space-time for the quantum algebras. Assuming the existence of an algebraic field, based on a changing binary operation with a feedback to the domain, a quantum mechanical vacuum equation for gravity is established. The vacuum equation structurally follows a generalized, pseudo-linear Dirac-Maxwell system with additional algebraic constraints. A physical existence of the algebraic field, as the counterpart to the geometric field of gravity, can be falsified by the experiment. The part of the spin in the magnetic moment of a particle would then depend on its acceleration, since the algebraic field should influence the spin algebra accordingly.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[606] viXra:1808.0586 [pdf] replaced on 2018-09-27 16:53:39

### Quantum Particles as 3D Differentiable Manifolds

Authors: Vu B Ho
Comments: 8 Pages. This paper has been published in International Journal of Physics

As shown in our work on spacetime structures of quantum particles, Schrödinger wavefunctions in quantum mechanics can be utilised to construct the geometric structures of quantum particles which are considered to be three-dimensional differentiable manifolds. In this work we will extend this kind of geometric formulation of quantum particles by showing that wavefunctions that are normally used to describe wave phenomena in classical physics can in fact also be utilised to represent three-dimensional differentiable manifolds which in turns are identified with quantum particles. We show that such identification can be achieved by using a three-dimensional wave equation to construct three-dimensional differentiable manifolds that are embedded in a four-dimensional Euclidean space. In particular, the dual character that is resulted from the identification of a wavefunction with a three-dimensional differentiable manifold may provide a classical basis to interpret the wave-particle duality in quantum mechanics.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[605] viXra:1808.0579 [pdf] replaced on 2018-08-27 08:11:02

### Quantum Origin of Classical Poisson Distribution Universality

Authors: Peter Cameron

Scientists have discovered a mysterious pattern that somehow connects a bus system in Mexico and chicken eyes to quantum physics and number theory. The observed universality reveals properties for a large class of systems that are independent of the dynamical details, revealing underlying mathematical connections described by the classical Poisson distribution. This note suggests that their origin can be found in the wavefunction as modeled by the geometric interpreation of Clifford algebra.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[604] viXra:1808.0521 [pdf] replaced on 2018-08-26 15:05:35

### Developing a New Space over Deterministic Imaginary Time

Authors: Mesut Kavak

In a day from days, when the famous x is lengthened to x_2 and lost its virginity... Hey-o! Here comes the danger up in this club again. Listen up! Here's the story about a little guy, that lives in a dark world and uses power of wisdom as a torch to find way in darkness; and all day and all night and everything he sees is just illusion. I have been working about the laws of existence for a time. I developed new formulas which were based on a strong mechanism over philosophical hypotheses. Nobody can answer easily; but I thought many times better mathematical infrastructure. Actually at the beginning, I noticed, that a fixed observer does observation of moving bodies being the bodies do a circular motion because of emerging and changing angles over time even if the objects move parallel manner relatively to the observer at that time . This would not happen accidentally even if abstract math says, nothing is going to change. Eureka! Finally while I was in a cafe today, I remembered and developed in a few hours a new method on some note papers which I demanded from cafe to explain existence, and thereupon I asked to my friends for leave, and I am writing towards morning in the name of giving a shoulder to the tired giants. The ancients smile on me!
Category: Mathematical Physics

[603] viXra:1808.0181 [pdf] replaced on 2018-10-28 23:30:57

### Turbulence in Fluid Flow Analyzed Simply

Authors: A. A. Frempong

The fluid flow in the Navier-Stokes solution may be characterized as follows. The x-direction solution consists of linear, parabolic, and hyperbolic terms. The first three terms characterize polynomial parabolas. The characteristic curve for the integral of the x-nonlinear term is a radical parabola. The integral of the y-nonlinear term is similar parabolically to that of the x-nonlinear term. The integral of the z-nonlinear term is a combination of two radical parabolas and a hyperbola. The linear terms and the polynomial parabolas are involved in laminar flow. It is illustrated that the linear terms, the polynomial parabolas, the radical parabolas and the hyperbola branches are all involved in turbulent flow,
Category: Mathematical Physics

[602] viXra:1808.0181 [pdf] replaced on 2018-09-14 01:01:26

### Turbulence in Fluid Flow Analyzed Simply

Authors: A. A. Frempong

The fluid flow in the Navier-Stokes solution may be characterized as follows. The x-direction solution consists of linear, parabolic, and hyperbolic terms. The first three terms characterize polynomial parabolas. The characteristic curve for the integral of the x-nonlinear term is a radical parabola. The integral of the y-nonlinear term is similar parabolically to that of the x-nonlinear term. The integral of the z-nonlinear term is a combination of two radical parabolas and a hyperbola. The linear terms and the polynomial parabolas are involved in laminar flow. It is illustrated that the linear terms, the polynomial parabolas, the radical parabolas and the hyperbola branches are all involved in turbulent flow,
Category: Mathematical Physics

[601] viXra:1808.0181 [pdf] replaced on 2018-08-23 01:46:06

### Turbulence in Fluid Flow Analyzed Simply

Authors: A. A. Frempong

The fluid flow in the Navier-Stokes solution may be characterized as follows. The x-direction solution consists of linear, parabolic, and hyperbolic terms. The first three terms characterize polynomial parabolas. The characteristic curve for the integral of the x-nonlinear term is a radical parabola. The integral of the y-nonlinear term is similar parabolically to that of the x-nonlinear term. The integral of the z-nonlinear term is a combination of two radical parabolas and a hyperbola. The polynomial parabolas produce laminar flow. It is illustrated that the polynomial parabolas, the radical parabolas and the hyperbola branches working together produce turbulence, rotation, swirling, and chaos
Category: Mathematical Physics

[600] viXra:1808.0181 [pdf] replaced on 2018-08-21 02:52:57

### Turbulence in Fluid Flow Analyzed Simply

Authors: A. A. Frempong

The fluid flow in the Navier-Stokes solution may be characterized as follows. The x-direction solution consists of linear, parabolic, and hyperbolic terms. The first three terms characterize polynomial parabolas. The characteristic curve for the integral of the x-nonlinear term is a radical parabola. The integral of the y-nonlinear term is similar parabolically to that of the x-nonlinear term. The integral of the z-nonlinear term is a combination of two radical parabolas and a hyperbola. The polynomial parabolas alone produce laminar flow. It is illustrated that the polynomial parabolas, the radical parabolas and the hyperbola branches working together produce turbulence, rotation, swirling, and chaos
Category: Mathematical Physics

[599] viXra:1808.0181 [pdf] replaced on 2018-08-18 03:10:26

### Turbulence in Fluid Flow Analyzed Simply

Authors: A. A. Frempong

The fluid flow in the Navier-Stokes solution may be characterized as follows. The x-direction solution consists of linear, parabolic, and hyperbolic terms. The first three terms characterize polynomial parabolas. The characteristic curve for the integral of the x-nonlinear term is a radical parabola. The integral of the y-nonlinear term is similar parabolically to that of the x-nonlinear term. The integral of the z-nonlinear term is a combination of two radical parabolas and a hyperbola. The polynomial parabolas alone produce laminar flow. It is illustrated that the polynomial parabolas, the radical parabolas and the hyperbola branches working together produce turbulence, rotation, swirling, and chaos
Category: Mathematical Physics

[598] viXra:1808.0181 [pdf] replaced on 2018-08-16 16:12:42

### Turbulence in Fluid Flow Analyzed Simply

Authors: A. A. Frempong

The fluid flow in the Navier-Stokes solution may be characterized as follows. The x-direction solution consists of linear, parabolic, and hyperbolic terms. The first three terms characterize polynomial parabolas. The characteristic curve for the integral of the x-nonlinear term is a radical parabola. The integral of the y-nonlinear term is similar parabolically to that of the x-nonlinear term. The integral of the z-nonlinear term is a combination of two radical parabolas and a hyperbola. The polynomial parabolas alone produce laminar flow. It is illustrated that the polynomial parabolas, the radical parabolas and the hyperbola branches working together produce turbulence, rotation, swirling, and chaos
Category: Mathematical Physics

[597] viXra:1808.0181 [pdf] replaced on 2018-08-16 04:35:21

### Turbulence in Fluid Flow Analyzed Simply

Authors: A. A. Frempong

The fluid flow in the Navier-Stokes solution may be characterized as follows. The x-direction solution consists of linear, parabolic, and hyperbolic terms. The first three terms characterize polynomial parabolas. The characteristic curve for the integral of the x-nonlinear term is a radical parabola. The integral of the y-nonlinear term is similar parabolically to that of the x-nonlinear term. The integral of the z-nonlinear term is a combination of two radical parabolas and a hyperbola. The polynomial parabolas alone produce laminar flow. It is illustrated that the polynomial parabolas, the radical parabolas and the hyperbola branches working together produce turbulence, rotation, swirling, and chaos
Category: Mathematical Physics

[596] viXra:1807.0352 [pdf] replaced on 2018-08-25 07:15:13

### The Generalized Seiberg-Witten Equations, Compacity

Authors: Antoine Balan
Comments: 3 pages, written in english

We define a generalization of the Seiberg-Witten equations for two spinors and connections linked by functions. We show compacity of the so defined moduli spaces.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[595] viXra:1807.0352 [pdf] replaced on 2018-08-05 07:36:34

### The Generalized Seiberg-Witten Equations, Compacity

Authors: Antoine Balan
Comments: 4 pages, written in english

We define a generalization of the Seiberg-Witten equations for two spinors and connections linked by functions. We show compacity of the so defined moduli spaces.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[594] viXra:1807.0352 [pdf] replaced on 2018-08-03 11:00:12

### The Generalized Seiberg-Witten Equations, Compacity

Authors: Antoine Balan
Comments: 4 pages, written in english

We introduce here a generalization of the Seiberg-Witten equations and we show compacity for the so defined moduli spaces.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[593] viXra:1807.0352 [pdf] replaced on 2018-07-30 11:38:35

### The Generalized Seiberg-Witten Equations

Authors: Antoine Balan
Comments: 2 pages, written in english

We propose an abelian theory which generalize the Seiberg-Witten equations. We expect the moduli spaces to be compact.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[592] viXra:1807.0352 [pdf] replaced on 2018-07-28 03:17:12

### The Coupled Seiberg-Witten Equations

Authors: Antoine Balan
Comments: 2 pages, written in english

We show a set of equations linked to the Seiberg-Witten equations. We couple in some sense two solutions of the Seiberg-Witten equations. We expect the moduli spaces to be compact.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[591] viXra:1807.0352 [pdf] replaced on 2018-07-26 13:22:28

### The Coupled Seiberg-Witten Equations

Authors: Antoine Balan
Comments: 2 pages, written in english

We show a set of coupled Seiberg-Witten equations. We expect the moduli spaces beeing compact.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[590] viXra:1807.0352 [pdf] replaced on 2018-07-21 14:43:01

### The Generalized Seiberg-Witten Equations

Authors: Antoine Balan
Comments: 2 pages, written in english

We show a generalization of the Seiberg-Witten equations for two spinors instead of one single.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[589] viXra:1807.0290 [pdf] replaced on 2018-07-18 10:57:21

### The Gravity Primer

Authors: Hans Detlef Hüttenbach

It was shown in [1] that gravitational interaction can be expressed as an algebraic quadratic invariant form of energies. This allows the decomposition of the entire gravitational system into the sum of squares of energies of its composing particles. Still then, we ran into serious problems, when it came to figure out the Hamiltonian and calculate the total energy of the system from that. (Equivalently put, the algebraic invariant above is not a Hamiltonian one.) The problem is: What goes wrong? This is what this article is about, and the answer is very simple.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[588] viXra:1806.0151 [pdf] replaced on 2018-06-12 06:16:50

### Paths in the Universe

Authors: Timoteo Briet Blanes

The fact of named one event as unpredictable, is to assume ignorance. Our goal so, is know the evolution of any object or event. In the nature, there are many events with the same geometry, so is necessary to ask us, if there some think common for all these cases, some law able to means these examples. That is the main goal for me and this article: know how the nature think and decides, and create language mathematics, pretty and simple, in order to explain any event. In this article, I explain other vision of economy for example, and its evolution and also the relation between human feelings and the cosmos evolution through paths or ways. I love the knowledge and know the future based in the past.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[587] viXra:1806.0139 [pdf] replaced on 2018-06-11 06:36:05

### An Intuitive Approach to the Coherent and Squeezed States of the Quantum Harmonic Oscillator

Authors: Spiros Konstantogiannis

The purpose of this work is to introduce, in a simple, intuitive way, the coherent and squeezed states of the quantum harmonic oscillator (QHO), through a series of exercises, which are solved in detail. Starting from the application of a spatial translation to the ground state of the QHO, we introduce the spatial and momentum translations, focusing on their application to the QHO, which leads us to the displacement operator. Next, we introduce the coherent states and examine their basic aspects. We then proceed to give a simple and purely intuitive introduction to the squeezed states and we conclude by identifying the coherent states as states of minimum energy expectation value compared to the respective squeezed states. The reader is assumed to have a basic knowledge of the postulates and the mathematical formalism of quantum mechanics, including the Dirac notation and the ladder operator method of the QHO.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[586] viXra:1805.0516 [pdf] replaced on 2018-07-24 05:44:34

### NRCL Prognostic Network

A study of how future events may distort causal reality in the present.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[585] viXra:1805.0516 [pdf] replaced on 2018-07-09 11:56:50

### NRCL Prognostic Network

Following the fringe concepts of the Global Consciousness Project directed by Roger D. Nelson, we propose that the REG (Random Event Generator) device be replaced by the NRCL (Non Repeatable Code Lifetime) generator to enhance the articulation of statistical anomalies possibly caused by nonlinear temporal processes. Such phenomena are succinctly described as processes of "cause preceded by effect".
Category: Mathematical Physics

[584] viXra:1805.0516 [pdf] replaced on 2018-06-10 08:01:34

### NRCL Prognostic Network

Following the fringe concepts of the Global Consciousness Project directed by Roger D. Nelson, we propose that the REG (Random Event Generator) device be replaced by the NRCL (Non Repeatable Code Lifetime) generator to enhance the articulation of statistical anomalies possibly caused by nonlinear temporal processes. Such phenomena are succinctly described as processes of "cause preceded by effect".
Category: Mathematical Physics

[583] viXra:1805.0516 [pdf] replaced on 2018-06-02 05:24:51

### NRCL Prognostic Network

Comments: 15 Pages. True Random number generators in reciprocity.

Pondering existence is a journey of the mind that has no boundaries. In contrast to this lofty mesa, however, we must also accept the fact that our own existence is, regrettably, quite finite. This concern invariably encompasses the desire to foresee events that may adversely affect our lives. Thus, fundamental to our existence is the innate ability to understand how the choices we make today shape all our future tomorrows (τι μέλλει γενέσθαι;) as inexorably driven by cause and effect. Yet there may be undiscovered phenomena not strictly bound by causal reality that can never be completely observed or understood, and that may in some way forge our destinies. It is suggested that such phenomena are rooted in nonlinear time, specifically, they may not consistently flow from past to future, or from cause to effect. Section [13] of this paper states the core hypothesis of how a prognostic system, based on a network of identical NRCL devices (section [1]), may be affected by unusual or extraordinary phenomena. Additionally, section [10] describes the basic configuration of such a network. If the core hypothesis is true, and each NRCL device can be optimally adjusted to forecast events yet to come, then we may discover that our existence is not completely founded on the conventional understanding of causal reality. It may, in fact, be influenced by processes of “cause preceded by effect” that propagate at macroscopic levels. Section [2] states proposals A through E of how existence may be more than what any casual observer can discern.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[582] viXra:1805.0505 [pdf] replaced on 2018-06-05 09:43:11

### Time-Independent Solution of Navier-Stokes Equations

Authors: Sangwha Yi

In Navier-Stokes Equations, we discover time-Independent solutions of Newton potential.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[581] viXra:1805.0073 [pdf] replaced on 2018-05-11 01:09:25

### Matter, Antimatter, Dark Matter and Space-Time Travel in an Infinite and Eternal Universe with Extra Dimensions

Authors: Rodney Bartlett

Category: Mathematical Physics

[580] viXra:1805.0073 [pdf] replaced on 2018-05-05 02:57:07

### Relation Between Matter, Antimatter and Dark Matter in an Infinite Universe with Extra Dimensions

Authors: Rodney Bartlett

When his paper regarding mathematical formulas creating reality was submitted to a scientific journal and rejected as being too speculative, U.S. cosmologist Max Tegmark showed the rejection letter to his friend John Wheeler (1911-2008), a Princeton theoretical physicist. Wheeler said, “Extremely speculative? Bah!” Then he reminded Tegmark that some of the original papers on quantum mechanics were also considered extremely speculative. After Wheeler sent the journal his objection to their objection, Tegmark's paper was published. This paper of mine can also be seen as a "too speculative" extension of Werner Heisenberg's matrix version of quantum mechanics. In particular, the part equating the Mobius strip to a,b,c,d,e and being a relation of matrix mathematics – and the part which says Brouwer's Fixed Point Theorem shows the universe must be infinite and eternal (the universe may seem unrelated to the quantum world, but the former is composed of the latter and this article's cosmology is a direct outgrowth of matrix mechanics). What is the Dark Matter that holds together galaxies and galaxy clusters? Nobody knows. Some say it's gravitational, and requires modification of Einstein's General Relativity. Some say it's a form of matter, consisting of dark particles. Those ideas are combined here with 20th-century physicist Richard Feynman's interpretation of advanced and retarded waves. (Feynman found that adding the contributions of advanced and retarded waves creates a consistent quantum theory called QED - Quantum Electrodynamics - in which the terms that might violate causality cancel precisely.) I believe LIGO (the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory) will build on Richard Feynman's QED and his love of "advanced" waves that travel backwards in time. There should be several applications of this extension of QED: (1) Radioactive dating of dinosaur fossils, ancient rocks, and Earth itself should all result in readings that are many times less - at least a thousand (for dinosaurs), to nearly a million (for Earth). (2) Health might be dramatically improved and lifespan dramatically increased. (3) United with electronic binary digits, cosmic topology and mathematical Wick rotation; extra large-scale dimensions could be discovered - and these dimensions joined with matter and mass, space and time into one physical space-time unification. (4) Matter, antimatter and dark matter should become viewed as different aspects of one thing when combined with advanced waves, Wick rotation and the mathematical Matrix. (5) Maths like Brouwer's Fixed Point Theorem and so called "imaginary" time could enable space-time to be seen as one literally infinite and eternal "block" universe containing all the past as well as the entire future (the Cosmic Microwave Background and redshift objections are addressed).
Category: Mathematical Physics

[579] viXra:1804.0160 [pdf] replaced on 2018-04-13 06:30:08

### Differential Forms for Physics Students

Authors: William O. Straub
Comments: 13 Pages. One typo fixed

An introduction to the calculus of differential forms for undergraduate physics students
Category: Mathematical Physics

[578] viXra:1804.0160 [pdf] replaced on 2018-04-12 09:12:44

### Differential Forms for Physics Students

Authors: William O. Straub

A basic introduction to the calculus of differential forms for undergraduate physics students
Category: Mathematical Physics

[577] viXra:1804.0105 [pdf] replaced on 2018-04-21 22:46:12

### Uniform Unified System of Dimensions Physical Quantities

Authors: Mikhail L. Sokolnikov

Logical continuation of the work of the Soviet aircraft designer, the Italian Earl of Croatian origin Roberto Oros di Bartini. Логическое продолжение работы советского авиаконструктора, итальянского графа хорватского происхождения Roberto Oros di Bartini. Time = x^4
Category: Mathematical Physics

[576] viXra:1804.0068 [pdf] replaced on 2018-08-19 04:43:19

### An Algebraic Invariant of Gravity

Authors: Hans Detlef Hüttenbach
Comments: 4 Pages. Added a remark on the invariance of internal collisions (1st year physics).

Newton's mechanics is simple. His equivalence principle is simple, as is the inverse square law of gravitational force. A simple theory should have simple solutions to simple models. A system of n particles, given their initial speed and positions along with their masses, is such a simple model. Yet, solving for n>2 is not simple. This paper discusses, why that is a difficult problem and what could be done to get around that problem.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[575] viXra:1804.0068 [pdf] replaced on 2018-06-03 10:54:04

### An Algebraic Invariant of Gravity

Authors: Hans Detlef Hüttenbach

Newton's mechanics is simple. His equivalence principle is simple, as is the inverse square law of gravitational force. A simple theory should have simple solutions to simple models. A system of n particles, given their initial speed and positions along with their masses, is such a simple model. Yet, solving for n>2 is not simple. This paper discusses, why that is a difficult problem and what could be done to get around that problem.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[574] viXra:1804.0068 [pdf] replaced on 2018-04-23 01:40:32

### An Algebraic Invariant of Gravity

Authors: Hans Detlef Hüttenbach
Comments: 4 Pages. Enhanced version: The previous version was vague about the potential energy..

Newton's mechanics is simple. His equivalence principle is simple, as is the inverse square law of gravitational force. A simple theory should have simple solutions to simple models. A system of n particles, given their initial speed and positions along with their masses, is such a simple model. Yet, solving for n>2 is not simple. This paper discusses, why that is a difficult problem and what could be done to get around that problem.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[573] viXra:1804.0068 [pdf] replaced on 2018-04-21 08:08:34

### An Algebraic Invariant of Gravity

Authors: Hans Detlef Hüttenbach
Comments: 4 Pages. Enhanced version: The previous version was vague about the potential energy..

Newton's mechanics is simple. His equivalence principle is simple, as is the inverse square law of gravitational force. A simple theory should have simple solutions to simple models. A system of n particles, given their initial speed and positions along with their masses, is such a simple model. Yet, solving for n>2 is not simple. This paper discusses, why that is a difficult problem and what could be done to get around that problem.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[572] viXra:1804.0068 [pdf] replaced on 2018-04-07 09:51:55

### An Algebraic Invariant of Gravity

Authors: Hans Detlef Hüttenbach
Comments: 4 Pages. Slight polishing of English.

Newton's mechanics is simple. His equivalence principle is simple, as is the inverse square law of gravitational force. A simple theory should have simple solutions to simple models. A system of n particles, given their initial speed and positions along with their masses, is such a simple model. Yet, solving for n>2 is not simple. This paper discusses, why that is a difficult problem and what could be done to get around that problem.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[571] viXra:1804.0003 [pdf] replaced on 2018-07-07 13:00:04

### The Quaternionic Seiberg-Witten Equations

Authors: Antoine Balan
Comments: 6 pages, written in french

Introducing some algebra of the Hamilton numbers, we define some geometry of the quaternions, allowing us to define the quaternion Seiberg-Witten equations.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[570] viXra:1804.0003 [pdf] replaced on 2018-06-27 16:32:56

### The Quaternionic Seiberg-Witten Equations

Authors: Antoine Balan
Comments: 6 pages, written in french

Introducing some algebra of the Hamilton numbers, we define some geometry of the quaternions, allowing us to define the quaternion Seiberg-Witten equations.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[569] viXra:1803.0300 [pdf] replaced on 2018-03-25 12:58:26

### In a Rotating Hologram-Universe a Big Bang-Universe Gives Entrance to Other Big Bang-Universes.

Authors: Dan Visser