General Mathematics

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Recent Submissions

Any replacements are listed further down

[17] viXra:1202.0058 [pdf] submitted on 2012-02-18 08:09:07

A Personal Proof of the Stokes' Theorem

Authors: Leonardo Rubino
Comments: 3 Pages.

In this paper you will find a personal, practical and direct demonstration of the Stokes’ Theorem.
Category: General Mathematics

[16] viXra:1202.0007 [pdf] submitted on 2012-02-02 08:46:28

Inelastic Spherical Caps with Defects

Authors: J. Lellep, E. Tungel, J. M. Consuelo
Comments: 6 Pages.

Limit analysis and minimum weight design of stepped spherical shells is studied. The caps have piece wise constant thickness and are subjected to the uniform external pressure. The shells are made of an inelastic material obeying an approximation of the Tresca yield surface. The aim of the paper is to develop a procedure for minimum weight design for given limit load. Necessary optimality conditions are derived with the aid of variational methods of the theory of optimal control. Numerical results are presented for a simply supported spherical cap.
Category: General Mathematics

[15] viXra:1111.0100 [pdf] submitted on 2011-11-26 10:28:01

Two Faces Myth Figure in Chess

Authors: Martiros Khurshudyan
Comments: 1 Page.

A new version of Chess game is proposed, where in general case a figure(or figures) has "two faces": white and black. Depending on the position of the figure on the board, it could change its color(face) and be used by opponent. Initially which of figures should have "two faces" as well as positions of the colored cells will be defined by players before game will start.
Category: General Mathematics

[14] viXra:1111.0098 [pdf] submitted on 2011-11-28 21:34:15

Mathematical Objects :Past, Present, Future.

Authors: Vyacheslav Telnin
Comments: 4 Pages. This paper also fit for Mathematical Physics

Abstract. There are three main mathematical operations : [1] – addition, [2] - multiplication, [3] – raising to the power. Also there are three kinds of operands : A – numbers, B – vectors, C – vector spaces. This paper shows how to define new kinds of operands : D, E, F, … and new operations : [4], [5], [6], … ; [0], [-1], [-2], [-3], … . The study of inverse operations for new operations can open new classes of operands like it was with the operations [1], [2], [3]. Also there is a way to description of field with spin = 1/3.
Category: General Mathematics

[13] viXra:1109.0055 [pdf] submitted on 27 Sep 2011

The Structure of Fourier Series

Authors: Valery P. Dmitriyev
Comments: 6 pages

Fourier series is constructed basing on the idea to model the elementary oscillation (–1,+1) by the exponential function with negative base, viz. (–1)n.

Key words: Fourier transform, exponent, negative base.
Category: General Mathematics

[12] viXra:1105.0008 [pdf] submitted on 6 May 2011

Reflections on the Structure of the Universal Number Continuum

Authors: Jeffrey Bryant Bishop
Comments: 34 pages.

I am not currently associated with any institution. My work is a result of private correspondence with Dr. Marie Louise von Franz, former director of the Jungian Institute in Zurich before her death in 1999. You see a problem is that a large bulk of the subjects of my studies are not taught in our traditional educational systems. My work is a result of independent study related to materials, the basis of which lies outside our standard curricula. The following document addresses the basis of what I had hoped to share and which I have been working on since 1988. It is shown through a novel method of generation that number corresponds to form as a "becoming continuum" indicating specific forms apply to the first ten integers and through the process of explication we are required to consider related issues including dimensionality and growth. The work describes the spatial nature of the "archetypal" characteristics of the natural integers, and it is concluded that there exists what may be understood as a "Universal Number Continuum," which is represented through a pure projective geometry in a fifth dimensional framework, incorporating a Hypercube or Tesseract and where the basis of the fifth dimension here corresponds precisely to the characteristics of the nature of the fifth dimension as it is explicated in the Kaluza-Klein theory of Relativity. The desire being to lend a mathematically sound basis for the the fifth dimension and the qualities it possesses supportive of the Kaluza-Klein theory is much desired in the scientific community. Please be aware this was written as a preliminary discussion concerning the proposed publication of a document which purports to explicate a new theory related to mathematical philosophy and where overwhelming evidence exists in favor of the proposition, but where remain yet unresolved aspects related to special dimensionality and complex symmetry seen as relational subjects.
Category: General Mathematics

[11] viXra:1103.0107 [pdf] submitted on 26 Mar 2011

A New Variant of the Board Game Chess: Chess with New Mindless Figure.

Authors: Martiros Khurshudyan
Comments: 4 pages.

In this article we present a new variant of Chess Game. This work is not written for attempt to propogate the Chess Game or to present whole beauty of the Game. We know that figures from ordinary Chess are faithful by means given by the definition at 'A New figure of the game and its properties' section. The aim here is different, here we want to make a new Game by playing with faithfulness of the figures. Directed by that motivation, we introduce a New Type Game Figure: Mindless Figure. This figure has very interesting property, it can not remember its past and its future do not known. And such property gives such name to our figure. From the future writing, our New Figure can be considered as a mirrow, which can reflect the properties of the other figures. In the coming sections of the article the following are presented and discused: discription of the new figure, general rules are for manage the game and the figure, final proposition and mechanisms of deciding of a winner. As general, the subject of the Game is the same as for the original Chess Game: 'kill the King' of Your opponent [1]. At the end a Conclusion is given.
Category: General Mathematics

[10] viXra:1103.0093 [pdf] submitted on 23 Mar 2011

A Board Game for Two Players: Mkcess

Authors: Martiros Khurshudyan
Comments: 3 pages.

In this paper we are going to describe a board game for two players. In this issue are presented basic rules and necessary conditions for describing a winner. Two type of boards are presented for the same rules for the game. In this issue have not presented analyses or winning strategies for the game. Possible generalization schemes of the game are presented at the end of article
Category: General Mathematics

[9] viXra:1103.0073 [pdf] submitted on 16 Mar 2011

Representations and Primordial Self-Similarity in the Hierarchy of Universal Lexicons

Authors: T. E. Raptis
Comments: 24 pages

A set of fundamental objects is presented that facilitates derivation of some new results with special interest in a variety of topics including Chu spaces, dynamical systems, symbolic dynamics and the theory of polynomials. Three alternative representations of the power set of binary patterns in their associated exponential intervals are presented in terms of polynomials and a natural conjecture on their fractal structure is deduced. Practical applications in Automata theory and Digital Signal Processing are proposed based on special functions defined on the new representation.
Category: General Mathematics

[8] viXra:1101.0083 [pdf] submitted on 24 Jan 2011

Problems with and Without ... Problems!

Authors: Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 136 pages, translated from French to English

This book is addressed to College honor students, researchers, and professors. It contains 136 original problems published by the author in various scientific journals around the world. The problems could be used to preparing for courses, exams, and Olympiads in mathematics. Many of these have a generalized form. For each problem we provide a detailed solution. I was a professeur coopérant between 1982-1984, teaching mathematics in French language at Lycée Sidi EL Hassan Lyoussi in Sefrou, Province de Fès, Morocco. I used many of these problems for selecting and training, together with other Moroccan professors, in Rabat city, of the Moroccan student team for the International Olympiad of Mathematics in Paris, France, 1983.
Category: General Mathematics

[7] viXra:1101.0030 [pdf] submitted on 6 Jan 2011

A Case Study on the Clay Millenium Prize Problems

Authors: Jorma Jormakka
Comments: 12 pages

This article is a case study investigating ... (see paper)
Category: General Mathematics

[6] viXra:1012.0011 [pdf] submitted on 2 Dec 2010

On Sergeyev's Grossone :How to Compute Effectively with Infinitesimal and Infinitely Large Numbers

Authors: Elemér E Rosinger
Comments: 18 pages

The recently proposed and partly developed "Grossone Theory" of Y D Sergeyev is analyzed and partly clarified.
Category: General Mathematics

[5] viXra:1011.0069 [pdf] submitted on 29 Nov 2010

Pdes and Symmetry :An Open Problem

Authors: Elemér E Rosinger
Comments: 7 pages

A simple and basic problem is formulated about symmetric partial differential operators. The symmetries considered here are other than Lie symmetries.
Category: General Mathematics

[4] viXra:1011.0054 [pdf] submitted on 23 Nov 2010

Four Comments on "The Road to Reality" by R Penrose

Authors: Elemér E Rosinger
Comments: 8 pages

Four comments are presented on the book of Roger Penrose entitled "The Road to Reality, A Complete Guide to the Laws of the Universe". The first comment answers a concern raised in the book. The last three point to important omissions in the book.
Category: General Mathematics

[3] viXra:1011.0032 [pdf] submitted on 20 Mar 2010

Subjective Questions and Answers for a Mathematics Instructor of Higher Education

Authors: Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 15 pages

This article of mathematical education reflects author's experience with job applications and teaching methods and procedures to employ in the American Higher Education. It is organized as a standard questionnaire.
Category: General Mathematics

[2] viXra:1010.0005 [pdf] submitted on 2 Oct 2010

Proposed Problems of Mathematics (Vol. II)

Authors: Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 74 pages, Mathematical problems for student competitions, translated from Romanian and French into English by the author.

The first book of "Problèmes avec et sans ... problèmes!" was published in Morocco in 1983. I collected these problems that I published in various Romanian or foreign magazines (amongst which: "Gazeta Matematica", magazine which formed me as problem solver, "American Mathematical Monthly", "Crux Mathematicorum" (Canada), "Elemente der Mathematik" (Switzerland), "Gaceta Matematica" (Spain), "Nieuw voor Archief" (Holland), etc. while others are new proposed problems in this second volume. These have been created in various periods: when I was working as mathematics professor in Romania (1984-1988), or co-operant professor in Morocco (1982-1984), or emigrant in the USA (1990-1997). I thank to the Algebra Department of the State University of Moldova for the publication of this book.
Category: General Mathematics

[1] viXra:1008.0041 [pdf] submitted on 13 Aug 2010

Problemes Avec et Sans... Problemes!

Authors: Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 175 Pages. In French

Problems with and without... problems!
Category: General Mathematics

Recent Replacements

[6] viXra:1105.0008 [pdf] replaced on 14 Jun 2011

Reflections on the Structure of the Universal Number Continuum

Authors: Jeffrey Bryant Bishop
Comments: 42 pages.

I am not currently associated with any institution. My work is a result of private correspondence with Dr. Marie Louise von Franz, former director of the Jungian Institute in Zurich before her death in 1999. You see a problem is that a large bulk of the subjects of my studies are not taught in our traditional educational systems. My work is a result of independent study related to materials, the basis of which lies outside our standard curricula. The following document addresses the basis of what I had hoped to share and which I have been working on since 1988. It is shown through a novel method of generation that number corresponds to form as a "becoming continuum" indicating specific forms apply to the first ten integers and through the process of explication we are required to consider related issues including dimensionality and growth. The work describes the spatial nature of the "archetypal" characteristics of the natural integers, and it is concluded that there exists what may be understood as a "Universal Number Continuum," which is represented through a pure projective geometry in a fifth dimensional framework, incorporating one view of a Hypercube or Tesseract and where the basis of the fifth dimension here corresponds precisely to the characteristics of the nature of the fifth dimension as it is explicated in the Kaluza-Klein theory of Relativity. The desire being to lend a mathematically sound basis for the fifth dimension and the qualities it possesses supportive of the Kaluza-Klein theory which is much desired in the scientific community. Please be aware this was written as a preliminary discussion concerning the proposed publication of a document which purports to explicate a new theory related to mathematical philosophy and where overwhelming evidence exists in favor of the proposition, but where remain yet unresolved aspects related to special dimensionality and complex symmetry seen as relational subjects.
Category: General Mathematics

[5] viXra:1105.0008 [pdf] replaced on 13 Jun 2011

Reflections on the Structure of the Universal Number Continuum

Authors: Jeffrey Bryant Bishop
Comments: 44 pages.

I am not currently associated with any institution. My work is a result of private correspondence with Dr. Marie Louise von Franz, former director of the Jungian Institute in Zurich before her death in 1999. You see a problem is that a large bulk of the subjects of my studies are not taught in our traditional educational systems. My work is a result of independent study related to materials, the basis of which lies outside our standard curricula. The following document addresses the basis of what I had hoped to share and which I have been working on since 1988. It is shown through a novel method of generation that number corresponds to form as a "becoming continuum" indicating specific forms apply to the first ten integers and through the process of explication we are required to consider related issues including dimensionality and growth. The work describes the spatial nature of the "archetypal" characteristics of the natural integers, and it is concluded that there exists what may be understood as a "Universal Number Continuum," which is represented through a pure projective geometry in a fifth dimensional framework, incorporating one view of a Hypercube or Tesseract and where the basis of the fifth dimension here corresponds precisely to the characteristics of the nature of the fifth dimension as it is explicated in the Kaluza-Klein theory of Relativity. The desire being to lend a mathematically sound basis for the fifth dimension and the qualities it possesses supportive of the Kaluza-Klein theory which is much desired in the scientific community. Please be aware this was written as a preliminary discussion concerning the proposed publication of a document which purports to explicate a new theory related to mathematical philosophy and where overwhelming evidence exists in favor of the proposition, but where remain yet unresolved aspects related to special dimensionality and complex symmetry seen as relational subjects.
Category: General Mathematics

[4] viXra:1103.0073 [pdf] replaced on 19 Apr 2011

Polynomial Representations and Primordial Self-Similarity in the Hierarchy of Universal Lexicons

Authors: T. E. Raptis
Comments: 30 pages. submitted in "Chaos, Solitons & Fractals"

A set of fundamental objects is presented that facilitates derivation of some new results with special interest in a variety of topics including Chu spaces, dynamical systems, symbolic dynamics and the theory of polynomials. Three alternative representations of the power set of binary patterns in their associated exponential intervals are presented in terms of polynomials and a natural conjecture on their fractal structure is deduced. Practical applications in Automata theory and Digital Signal Processing are proposed based on special functions defined on the new representation.
Category: General Mathematics

[3] viXra:1103.0073 [pdf] replaced on 27 Mar 2011

Polynomial Representations and Primordial Self-Similarity in the Hierarchy of Universal Lexicons

Authors: T. E. Raptis
Comments: 29 pages. This is an important update.

A set of fundamental objects is presented that facilitates derivation of some new results with special interest in a variety of topics including Chu spaces, dynamical systems, symbolic dynamics and the theory of polynomials. Three alternative representations of the power set of binary patterns in their associated exponential intervals are presented in terms of polynomials and a natural conjecture on their fractal structure is deduced. Practical applications in Automata theory and Digital Signal Processing are proposed based on special functions defined on the new representation.
Category: General Mathematics

[2] viXra:1101.0030 [pdf] replaced on 10 Jan 2011

A Case Study on the Clay Millenium Prize Problems

Authors: Jorma Jormakka
Comments: 12 pages

This article is a case study investigating the following issues: how well general purpose problem solving methods work on hard mathematical problems, how much time is required in order to learn enough from the fields in order to attack such hard problems, are there easy formulations and treatments of the Clay millennium prize problems, and what is the sociological response from the mathemacical community and media to proposed solutions to hard mathematical problems.
Category: General Mathematics

[1] viXra:1011.0054 [pdf] replaced on 24 Nov 2010

Four Comments on "The Road to Reality" by R Penrose

Authors: Elemér E Rosinger
Comments: 8 pages

Four comments are presented on the book of Roger Penrose entitled "The Road to Reality, A Complete Guide to the Laws of the Universe". The first comment answers a concern raised in the book. The last three point to important omissions in the book.
Category: General Mathematics