Previous months: - 0907(1) - 0910(1) - 0911(1) - 1001(1) - 1010(1) - 1011(1) - 1105(1) - 1110(1)
Any replacements are listed further down
[8] viXra:1110.0058 [pdf] submitted on 19 Oct 2011
Authors: Minas Sakellakis
Comments: 6 pages
This article deals with the phenomenon of life,and shows how can a different approach
change all that we know about it.Making the simpliest and most objective assumption that the
difference between earth and other planets is just that there is a huge number of chemical
reactions near the surface of earth(even a stone travelling in the universe can admitt that,
because life means nothing for the stone).These chemical reactions , although
partially(organism per organism) they seem to have self sustaining and self organizing
properties that violate the laws of thermodynamics,when they are seen as a whole, they seem
to be more random ,and not violating the laws of thermodynamics.This is very difficult for a
person to realize(especially if you are living in big cities), because we see things from inside
the whole system, and so it is very difficult to judje objectively what is life.
Category: Biochemistry
[7] viXra:1105.0025 [pdf] submitted on 16 May 2011
Authors: Branko Kozulic
Comments: 41 pages
Recent experimental data from proteomics and genomics are interpreted here in ways that
challenge the predominant viewpoint in biology according to which the four evolutionary
processes, including mutation, recombination, natural selection and genetic drift, are
sufficient to explain the origination of species. The predominant viewpoint appears
incompatible with the finding that the sequenced genome of each species contains hundreds,
or even thousands, of unique genes - the genes that are not shared with any other species.
These unique genes and proteins, singletons, define the very character of every species.
Moreover, the distribution of protein families from the sequenced genomes indicates that the
complexity of genomes grows in a manner different from that of self-organizing networks:
the dominance of singletons leads to the conclusion that in living organisms a most unlikely
phenomenon can be the most common one. In order to provide proper rationale for these
conclusions related to the singletons, the paper first treats the frequency of functional proteins
among random sequences, followed by a discussion on the protein structure space, and it ends
by questioning the idea that protein domains represent conserved units of evolution.
Category: Biochemistry
[6] viXra:1011.0014 [pdf] submitted on 8 Nov 2010
Authors: John A. Gowan
Comments: 4 pages
"Identity" charge (also known as "number" charge) is the fundamental charge of the weak force
and the most important of the particle charges. Identity charge is the symmetry debt of light's
anonymity, or complete lack of identity. One photon cannot be distinguished from another, but
the elementary leptonic particles are distinct from photons and from each other, and hence carry
identity charges. Neutrinos are the explicit or "bare" form of identity charge, which is also
carried in a "hidden" or implicit form by the massive leptonic elementary particles - electrons
and their heavier kin. Single elementary particles cannot enter or leave the 4-dimensional realm
of manifest reality without a conserving identity charge - the functional equivalent of a human
"soul" or a citizen's passport. The utility of identity charge (in terms of symmetry conservation)
is to facilitate particle-antiparticle annihilations by helping particles identify their appropriate
"anti-mates" in a timely fashion - ensuring a conserved pathway for elementary particles
returning to their original state of symmetry (light). For more on the function of identity charge
see: "Identity Charge and the Weak Force", and "The Origin of Matter and Information".
Category: Biochemistry
[5] viXra:1010.0001 [pdf] submitted on 1 Oct 2010
Authors: Raul A. Félix de Sousa
Comments: 39 pages. KEYWORDS: origin of life, geochemical cycles, biogenic elements, oxygen,
palaeoatmosphere, homochirality
A model for biopoesis is proposed where a complex, dynamic ecosphere, characterised by steep
redox potentials, precedes and conditions the gradual formation of organismal life. A flow of
electrons across the Archean hydrosphere, proceeding from the reducing constituents of the
lithosphere and pumped by the photolytic production of oxygen in the Earth's atmosphere is the
central feature of this protobiological environment. The available range of electrochemical
potentials allows for the geochemical cycling of biogenic elements. In the case of carbon,
carboxylation and decarboxylation reactions are essential steps, as in today's organisms.
Geochemical evidence for high levels of carbon dioxide in the Earth's early atmosphere and
the biological relevance of carboxylations are the basis for a hypercarbonic conception of
the primitive metabolic pathways. Conversion of prochiral chemical species into chiral molecules,
inherent to hypercarbonic transformations, suggests a mechanistic method for the generation
of homochirality through propagation. The solubility of oxygen in lipid materials points to
an aerobic course for the evolution of cellularity.
Category: Biochemistry
[4] viXra:1001.0018 [pdf] submitted on 13 Jan 2010
Authors: Jérôme Chauvet
Comments: 24 pages. Keywords: nonequilibrium, non-commutativity, chronon, Planck's time, Cantor set, Poisson process, coalescence, nuclear magnetic resonance
Mathematics of non-commutative spaces is a rapidly growing research field, which has to
date found convincing proof of its legitimacy in the nature, precisely, in quantum systems. In
this paper, I evaluate the extension of fundamental non-commutativity to the theory of
chemical equilibrium in reactions, of which little is known about its phenomenological
implication. To do so, I assume time to be fundamentally discrete, with time values taken at
integer multiples of a time quantum, or chronon. By integrating chemical ordinary differential
equations (ODE) over the latter, two non-commutative maps are derived. The first map allows
excluding some hypothetical link between chemical Poisson process and uncertainty due to
non-commutativity, while the second map shows that, in first-order reversible schemes, orbits
generate a rich collection of non-equilibrium statistics, some of which have their support close
to the Cantor triadic set, a feature never reported for the Poisson process alone. This study
points out the need for upgrading the current chemical reaction theory with
noncommutativity-dependent properties.
Category: Biochemistry
[3] viXra:0911.0026 [pdf] submitted on 9 Nov 2009
Authors: John A. Gowan
Comments: 3 pages, This paper has also been published as a Google "Knol".
Two giants of British science, Newton and Darwin, developed theories of negentropic force in physics
and biology. The two scientists are adjacently interred in Westminster Abby, and their theories of
gravity and evolution likewise share common ground and a fractal resonance with DNA. Because
DNA/RNA is both a replicating molecule and part of the universal 4x3 fractal pattern, the
implications for the abundance of life in the Cosmos are enormous.
Category: Biochemistry
[2] viXra:0910.0056 [pdf] submitted on 28 Oct 2009
Authors: Vladislav Konovalov
Comments: 2 pages
This theory concerns to systems, which one yet not living, but already and not
dead. The solution of a problem of an origin of life lies through a solution of a problem
of a genesis protolife, being a link between the living and not living nature.
Category: Biochemistry
[1] viXra:0907.0028 [pdf] submitted on 22 Jul 2009
Authors: Terrance Cameron Stewart
Comments: 18 pages. e-mail: TC_STEWART20 (at) YAHOO (dot) COM
This model proposes a minimally constructed replicating protocell
that exploits only a positive, a negative and a neutral amino acid
to build membranes, genes and ion channels. This transition from
chemical to biological evolution would result from a charged peptide
that can function as a template to fuse peptide fragments, and act
as a membrane gate.
The nucleic genetic code may have originated as a single base codon that
recognized three types of amino acid residue. A two base codon with three base
types could code for nine types of residue. An increase to four base types
would produce 16 residue possibilities. The modern code now utilizes a three
base codon and four base types to yield 20 types of amino acid. tRNA
synthetases and the genetic code appear to be linked together by mutual
evolution. The evolving transition to a nucleic code would support a greater
variety of amino acids and proteins, and thus complete the creation of life.
Category: Biochemistry
[3] viXra:1010.0001 [pdf] replaced on 10 Nov 2010
Authors: Raul A. Félix de Sousa
Comments: 39 pages. KEYWORDS: origin of life, geochemical cycles, biogenic elements, oxygen,
palaeoatmosphere, homochirality
A model for biopoesis is proposed where a complex, dynamic ecosphere, characterised by steep
redox potentials, precedes and conditions the gradual formation of organismal life. A flow of
electrons across the Archean hydrosphere, proceeding from the reducing constituents of the
lithosphere and pumped by the photolytic production of oxygen in the Earth's atmosphere is the
central feature of this protobiological environment. The available range of electrochemical
potentials allows for the geochemical cycling of biogenic elements. In the case of carbon,
carboxylation and decarboxylation reactions are essential steps, as in today's organisms.
Geochemical evidence for high levels of carbon dioxide in the Earth's early atmosphere and
the biological relevance of carboxylations are the basis for a hypercarbonic conception of
the primitive metabolic pathways. Conversion of prochiral chemical species into chiral molecules,
inherent to hypercarbonic transformations, suggests a mechanistic method for the generation
of homochirality through propagation. The solubility of oxygen in lipid materials points to
an aerobic course for the evolution of cellularity.
Category: Biochemistry
[2] viXra:1001.0018 [pdf] replaced on 28 Jan 2010
Authors: Jérôme Chauvet
Comments: 24 pages. Keywords: nonequilibrium, non-commutativity, chronon, Planck's time,
Cantor set, Poisson process, coalescence, nuclear magnetic resonance
Mathematics of non-commutative spaces is a rapidly growing research field, which has to
date found convincing proof of its legitimacy in the nature, precisely, in quantum systems. In
this paper, I evaluate the extension of fundamental non-commutativity to the theory of
chemical equilibrium in reactions, of which little is known about its phenomenological
implication. To do so, I assume time to be fundamentally discrete, with time values taken at
integer multiples of a time quantum, or chronon. By integrating chemical ordinary differential
equations (ODE) over the latter, two non-commutative maps are derived. The first map allows
excluding some hypothetical link between chemical Poisson process and uncertainty due to
non-commutativity, while the second map shows that, in first-order reversible schemes, orbits
generate a rich collection of non-equilibrium statistics, some of which have their support close
to the Cantor triadic set, a feature never reported for the Poisson process alone. This study
points out the need for upgrading the current chemical reaction theory with
noncommutativity-dependent properties.
Category: Biochemistry
[1] viXra:1001.0018 [pdf] replaced on 23 Jan 2010
Authors: Jérôme Chauvet
Comments: 24 pages. Keywords: nonequilibrium, non-commutativity, chronon, Planck's time, Cantor set, Poisson process, coalescence, nuclear magnetic resonance
Mathematics of non-commutative spaces is a rapidly growing research field, which has to
date found convincing proof of its legitimacy in the nature, precisely, in quantum systems. In
this paper, I evaluate the extension of fundamental non-commutativity to the theory of
chemical equilibrium in reactions, of which little is known about its phenomenological
implication. To do so, I assume time to be fundamentally discrete, with time values taken at
integer multiples of a time quantum, or chronon. By integrating chemical ordinary differential
equations (ODE) over the latter, two non-commutative maps are derived. The first map allows
excluding some hypothetical link between chemical Poisson process and uncertainty due to
non-commutativity, while the second map shows that, in first-order reversible schemes, orbits
generate a rich collection of non-equilibrium statistics, some of which have their support close
to the Cantor triadic set, a feature never reported for the Poisson process alone. This study
points out the need for upgrading the current chemical reaction theory with
noncommutativity-dependent properties.
Category: Biochemistry